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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts (PDF Download)

NCERT s olutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 2 Solutions- In our daily life we come across various mixtures like soft drinks, syrups and air. All of them are mixtures of two or more pure substances like air is a mixture of mainly nitrogen and oxygen.

Also, you know about various types ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 answer mixtures or solutions like gaseous solutions, liquid solutions and solid solutions. NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 2 Solutions mainly discuss questions based on liquid solutions and their properties.

The NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 2 Solutions also cover other questions based on important concepts like types of solutions, Raoult's law and Henry's law, the concentration of solutions in different units, solubility, vapour pressure of liquid solutions, ideal and non-ideal solutions, colligative properties, determination of molar mass and abnormal molar masses.

In NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 2 Solutions, there are direct answers to the 41 questions which are there in the chapter exercise.

To develop a grip on the topic, NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 2 Solutions are prepared by chemistry experts in a very comprehensive manner.

The students will be able to find step-by-step solutions which will eventually help you to write good answers and get good marks in the CBSE exam. The NCERT solutions which are provided here are free of cost and are easily accessible and if you wish to check other classes solutions, you can just click on the above link. By referring to the NCERT solutions for class 12students can understand all the important concepts and practice questions well enough before their examination.

Latest : NEET exam preparation bothering you? Know More. Latest : Why settle for a classroom full of children when you can have your own personalized classroom? What are the solutions? The concentration of the solution is expressed in terms of molarity, molality, mole fraction and in percentages. Solutions to In-Text Questions Exercise 2.

Question 2. Answer :. We know that solute and solvent forms solution. So mass percentage of benzene solute Similarly mass percentage Ncert Solutions Class 10th Light Chapter Zero of CCl 4 For calculating mole fraction, we need moles of both the compounds. It is given that benzene is in the solution by mass. So if we consider g of solution then 30g is benzene and 70g is CCl 4.

Similarly moles of benzene :. So mole fraction of benzene is given :. For finding molarity we need the moles of solute and volume of solution.

So moles of solute :. By conservation of moles we can ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 answer :.

Let us assume that the mass of urea required be x g. So moles of urea will be :. If we assume our solution is g. Then according to question, 20 g KI is present and 80 g is water. So moles of KI :. So, mol fraction of KI For finding Henry's constant we need to know about the mole fraction of H 2 S.

Solubility of H 2 S in water is given to be 0. Equation is :. So we get :. We know that. We know that :. By Henry Law we get. So, Moles of water :.

Using relation of mole and given mass, we. Find out the composition of the liquid mixture if total vapour pressure is. Also find the composition of the vapour phase. Let the composition of liquid A mole fraction be x A. Given that. Putting values of p total and vapour pressure of pure liquids in the above equation, we get :. Now pressure in vapour phase :.

Calculate the vapour pressure of water for this solution and its relative lowering. Given that vapour pressure of pure water.

Moles of water :. Moles of urea :. Let the vapour pressure of water be p w. By Raoult's law, we get :. Relative lowering :- Hence, the vapour Ncert Solutions Class 10th Chemistry Chapter 1 Question pressure v. How much sucrose is to be added to of water such that it boils at. Here we will use the formula :. Putting all values in above formula, we get :. Thus Here we will use the following ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 answer :. Putting given values in the above equation :.

Thus 5. We are given with Thus osmotic pressure :. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example. Solution :- A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more non-reacting substances.

It has two components :- solute and solvent. Types of solutions are given below Solution of hydrogen in palladium is such an example in which solute is a gas and solvent is solid. Mole fraction. Mole fraction is defined as the ratio of number of moles of a component and total number of moles in all components. It is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per kg g of solvent. It is independent of temperature.

Molarity is defined as number of moles of solute dissolved per litre or ml of solution. It depends ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 answer temperature because volume is dependent on temperature. Mass percentage. Mass percentage is defined as the percentage ratio of mass of one component to the total mass of all the components. What should be the molarity of such a sample of the acid if the density of the solution is.

According to given question, in g of solution 68 g is nitric acid and rest is water. So moles of 68 g HNO 3 Density of solution is given to be 1. So ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 answer of g solution becomes Thus, molarity of nitric acid is :.

If the density of solution is then what shall be the molarity of the solution? According to question, mass percentage means in g of solution 10 g glucose is dissolved in 90 g water.

So moles of glucose are :. Mole fraction Molarity :- Volume of g solution :. Let the amount of Na 2 CO 3 be x g. So the amount of NaHCO 3 will be equal to 1 - x g. Now it is given that it is an equimolar mixture. It is given that molarity of HCl is 0. Thus required volume ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 answer. Calculate the mass percentage of the resulting solution. According to question we have 2 solute.

Solute 1.

Main points:

The second care in blemish structure chemisstry to safeguard which secure as well as receptive to advice constructing request be maintained. A fibers have been afterwards woven right in to the element ! For a standard homebuilder they should have a capability to erect this vessel for we estimate 700?

Cavalcade a single hole in each indentation of a house along these edges.

So there is expansion in volume on solution formation. So weaker interactions are replaced by stronger interactions so , there is release of energy i. What is the molecular mass of the solute? At K, the vapour pressures of the two liquid components are What will be the vapour pressure of a mixture of The vapour pressure of water is Calculate vapour pressure of 1 molal solution of a non-volatile solute in it Sol: 1 molal solution of solute means 1 mole of solute in g of the solvent.

A solution containing 30g of non-volatile solute exactly in 90 g of water has a vapour pressure of 2. Further, 18g of water is then added to the solution and the new of vapour pressure becomes 2. Calculate i molar mass of the solute. When dissolved in 20g of benzene C 6 H 6 , 1 g of AB 2 lowers the freezing point by 2.

The molar depression constant for benzene is 5. Calculate atomic masses of A and B. Suggest the most important type of intermolecular attractive interaction in the following pairs: i n-hexane and n-octane ii I 2 and CCl 4. Thus, the intermolecular interactions will be London dispersion forces. Water is a polar molecule. Thus, the intermolecular interactions will be ion-dipole interactions.

Thus, intermolecular interactions will be dipole-dipole interactions. Based on solute solvent interactions, arrange the following in order of increasing solubility in n-octane and explain. Sol: n-octane C 8 H 18 is a non-polar liquid and solubility is governed by the principle that like dissolve like. Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water? Outside Delhi Sol:.

If the solubility product of CuS is 6 x 10 , calculate the maximum molarity of CuS in aqueous solution. Nalorphene C 19 H 21 NO 3 , similar to morphine, is used to combat withdrawal symptoms in narcotic users. Dose of nalorphene generally given is 1. Calculate the mass of 1. The depression in freezing point of water observed for the same amount of acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid increases in the order given above.

Explain briefly. Solution: Fluorine being more electronegative than chlorine has the highest electron withdrawing inductive effect. Thus, triflouroacetic acid is the strongest trichloroacetic acid is second most and acetic acid is the weakest acid due to absence of any electron withdrawing group.

Greater the extent of ionization greater is the depression in freezing point. The depression in the freezing point of water observed is 1. Calculate the vapour pressure of water at K when 25 g of glucose is dissolved in g of water. Calculate the solubility of methane in benzene at K under mm Hg. Question 1 You have been provided with three test tubes.

One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively.

If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube? Answer: i Put the red litmus paper in all the test tubes, turn by turn. The solution which turns red litmus to blue will be a basic solution. The blue litmus paper formed here can now be used to test the Ncert Solutions Class 10th Maths Chapter 2 Video acidic solution.

The solution which turns the blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution. Question 1 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels? Answer: Curd and sour substances should not be kept in brass and copper vessels because these and other sour food-stuffs contain acids which can react with the metal of the vessel to form poisonous metal compounds which can cause food poisoning and affect our health adversely.

Question 2 Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas?

Answer: i Hydrogen H 2 gas is liberated when an acid reacts with a metal. Take some zinc granules in the test tube. Add about 5 mL dilute hydrochloric acid slowly. Soon the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid starts and hydrogen gas is evolved.

When passed through soap solution, it gets trapped into bubbles. Bring a burning candle near the soap bubble filled with gas. The soap bubble bursts and hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound. Question 3 Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride.

Answer: As the end product is calcium chloride and the gas formed is carbon dioxide, the metal compound A must be calcium carbonate. Therefore, the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is. Question 1 Why do HCl, HNO 3 , etc show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character? HCl, HNO 3 , etc. Therefore, alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character.

Question 2 Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity? Answer: The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it. Question 3 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper?

Question 4 While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid? Answer: While diluting an acid it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid because if water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, then a large amount of heat is evolved at once.

Answer: When a given amount of an acid is added Ncert Solutions Class 10th Maths Chapter 7 Student to water, there is a fixed number of hydronium ions per volume of the solution. On dilution, the number of hydronium ions per volume decreases and concentration decreases.

Question 6 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions OH � affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide? Answer: The concentration of hydroxide ions will increase when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide, but it happens to a limited extent only after which the concentration becomes almost constant.

Question 1 You have two solutions A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? Which of this is acidic and which one is basic?

Answer: A pH value of less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, while greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. Since solution A has more hydrogen ion concentration, solution A is acidic and solution B is basic. If yes, then why are these basic? But these are far less in number than OH � ions that is responsible for their basic nature.

Question 4 Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime calcium oxide or slaked lime calcium hydroxide or chalk calcium carbonate? Answer: If the soil is too acidic having low pH then it is treated with materials like quick lime calcium oxide or slaked lime calcium hydroxide or chalk calcium carbonate. Question 1 What is the common name of the compound CaOCl 2?

Answer: Bleaching powder. Question 2 Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder. Answer: Slaked lime Ca OH 2. Question 3 Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water.

Answer: Sodium carbonate. Question 4 What will happen if a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated. Give the equation of the reaction involved? Answer: Solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate on heating gives sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide gas is evolved. Question 5 Write an equation to show the reaction between plaster of Paris and water.

Question 1 A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be a 1 b 4 c 5 d 10 Answer: d Question 2 A solution reacts with crushed-egg shells to give a gas that turns lime water milky. Question 4 Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating indigestion? Question 6 Compounds such as alcohol and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorised as acids.

Describe an activity to prove it. The bulb does not glow in this case also. This shows that alcohols and glucose are not acids. Question 7 Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does? Answer: Distilled water does not conduct electricity because it does not contain any ionic compound like acids, bases or salts dissolved in it. Rainwater, while falling to the earth through the atmosphere, dissolves an acidic gas carbon dioxide from the air and forms carbonic acid H 2 CO 3.

Hence, due to the presence of carbonic acid which provides ions to rainwater, the rainwater conducts electricity. Question 8 Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water? The acid produces hydrogen ions only in the presence of water. So in the absence of water, an acid will not form hydrogen ions and hence will not show its acidic behaviour.

Which solution is a Neutral b Strongly alkaline c Strongly acidic d Weakly acidic e Weakly alkaline Arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration. Question 10 Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously and why? Answer: Fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A. Being strong acid, the hydrochloric acid solution contains a much greater amount of hydrogen ions in it due to which the fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A containing hydrochloric acid.

The fizzing is due to the evolution of hydrogen gas which is formed by the action of acid on the magnesium metal of magnesium ribbon. Question 11 fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd?

Explain your answer. Answer: pH of milk falls below 6 as it turns into curd due to the formation of lactic acid during this process. Lactic acid present in it reduces its pH value. Question 12 A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk. Understanding the properties of bases and acids. How do acids and bases respond with metals?

How metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates respond with acids? How do acids and bases respond with one another? The response of metallic oxides with acids. The response of non � metallic oxide with base. What do all acids and bases share for all intents and purposes?

Significance of pH in regular day to day existence. More about Salts. Group of salts. Synthetic substances from regular salt. NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 2 acids bases and salts help students to have a decent comprehension of the concepts of this chapter.

The fundamental advantages of these solutions are:. The solutions are not at all muddled and clarify bit by bit completely to assist you with having a solid comprehension of the important concepts of this chapter. Acid bases and salts class 10 solutions are given by teachers who are pros in this field and have an astounding experience.

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