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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Free PDF Download (Updated For )
Here find Class 10 Physics, Class 10 chemistry and Class 10 biology Notes, assignments, concept maps and lots of study material for easy learning and understanding. We have lots of study material written in easy language that is easy to follow. You can check out syllabus at cbse syllabus for class How to use this page to learn class 10 science.� You will find plenty of them here or on the respective chapter page. You will also find ncert solutions for class 10 Science along with the notes, assignments, worksheets etc. All the best for better learning of your Science concepts. Hope we helped you when you were looking for class 10 physics, chemistry and Biology notes. If you like class 10 and cbse class 10 material. please spread a word by sharing them with your friends. NCERT Solutions for Class NCERT Solutions for Class 9. NCERT Solutions for Class 8.� Here we are providing the facility to download Latest Edition ( Academic Year) NCERT books totally free for class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12th students. You can download NCERT text-books as well as their solutions for Hindi, English and Urdu medium schools.� Class 12 Physics NCERT Books. Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Books. Class 12 Biology NCERT Books.� Practicing solved and unsolved questions & answers given at the end of each chapter in the NCERT Textbooks are quite important for scoring better marks in the examination & also in grasping the concept in a better way. By solving the NCERT exercise problems will assist you. Class 12th Physics Chapter 10 Wave Optics NCERT Solution is given below. Question Monochromatic light of wavelength nm is incident from air on a water surface. What are the wavelength, frequency and speed of (a) reflected, and (b) refracted light? Refractive index of water is �Previous. Next�. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics All Chapters.

How to calculate the focal length of a spherical mirror? How to use the formula for the Class 10th Physics Chapter 2 Ncert Solutions Office refractive index of a medium? With our chapter solutions, you will also learn the steps to find the power of a lens by using the lens formula. Revise concepts such as magnification, convex lens, concave lens etc. You can also use our concept videos and topic notes to understand the ways to present the given data with the appropriate sign conventions while answering Physics questions.

You may also refer to our Physics mock exam papers to know the different types of questions on the topic of light. Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror.

This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror. Hence, the focal length of the given spherical mirror is 10 cm. Concept Insight - Always remember that focal length of the spherical mirror is half its radius of curvature.

Concept insight: When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror , the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged. A convex mirror is preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it gives virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of it. Also, a convex mirror has a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him.

Concept insight: Recall the nature of images formed by convex mirror irrespective of the position of the objects. Hence, the focal length of the given convex mirror is 16 cm. Concept Insight - Focal length of a spherical mirror is half the radius of curvature. Magnification produced by a spherical mirror is given by the relation,. Here, the negative sign indicates that an inverted image is formed at a distance of 30 cm infront of the given concave mirror.

Concept Insight - Following sign conventions in this type of question is very important. Remember that a real image of 3 times the size of the object corresponds to magnification of -3 note the negative sign. When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal. Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light travelling from air into the water will bend towards the normal. The direction of bending of light depends on whether the light is moving from rarer to denser medium or vice versa.

Refractive index of a medium n m is given by,. Concept insight: Remember this formula for refractive index of a medium. The refractive index of medium 2 with respect to medium 1 is given as,. The refractive index of medium 1 with respect to medium 2 is given as,. Optical density of a medium is directly related with the refractive index of that medium.

A medium which has the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa. It can be observed from the table that diamond and air respectively have the highest and lowest refractive indices.

Therefore, diamond has the highest optical density and air has the lowest optical density. Speed of light in a medium is given by the relation for refractive index n m. The relation is given as. It can be inferred from the relation that light will travel the slowest in the material which has the highest refractive index and will travel the fastest in the material which has the lowest refractive index. It can be observed from the table that the refractive indices of kerosene, turpentine, and water are 1.

Therefore, light travels the fastest in water. Concept Insight: Higher is the refractive index of a medium, less is the speed of light in the medium. Refractive index of a medium n m is related to the speed of light in that medium v by the relation:. The refractive index of diamond is 2. This suggests that a light ray travelling in air and entering diamond gets slowed down and its speed becomes times that in air. When an object is placed at the centre of curvature, 2F 1 , of a convex lens, its image is formed at the centre of curvature, 2F 2 , on the other side of the lens.

The image formed is real, inverted and of the same size as the object, as shown in the given figure. It is given that the image of the needle is formed at a distance of 50 cm from the convex lens. Hence, the needle must be placed in front of the lens at a distance of 50 cm.

Concept Insight - One should extremely be careful while substituting the values of u, v and f without forgetting to put the appropriate sign conventions. Here, negative sign arises due to the divergent nature of concave lens. Concept Insight:. While using the formula of power, one should be careful to use the value of focal length expressed in meters only. Concept Insight : A lens allows Class 10th Physics Chapter 2 Ncert Solutions Education light Class 10th Physics Chapter 1 Ncert Solutions Ag to pass through it. Since clay does not show such property, it cannot be used to make a lens.

Concept Insight : When an object is placed between the pole and principal focus of a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect and larger than the object. Concept Insight : When an object is placed at a distance equal to twice the focal length in front of a convex lens, its image is formed at a distance of twice the focal length on the other side of the lens. The image formed is real, inverted, and of the same size as the object.

Concept Insight : By convention, the focal lengths of a concave mirror and a concave lens are taken as negative. Hence, both, the spherical mirror and the thin spherical lens are concave in nature.

Concept Insight : A convex mirror always gives a virtual and erect image of smaller size than the object placed in front of it. Similarly, a plane mirror always gives a virtual and erect image of same size as that of the object placed in front of it.

Therefore, the given mirror could be either plane or convex. Concept Insight : A convex lens gives an erect and magnified image of an object when it is placed between the optical centre and focus of the lens.

Also, magnification is more for convex lenses having shorter focal length. Therefore, for reading small letters, a convex lens of focal length 5 cm should be used. A concave mirror gives an erect image when an object is placed between its pole P and the principal focus F.

Hence, to obtain an erect image of an object from a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm, the object must be placed anywhere between the pole and the focus i. The image formed will be virtual, erect, and magnified in nature, as shown in the given figure.

This is because concave mirrors can produce powerful parallel beam of light when the light source is placed at their principal focus. That is why they are used to construct solar furnaces. Concave mirrors converge the light incident on them at a single point known as principal focus.

Hence, they can be used to produce a large amount of heat at that point. The convex lens will form complete image of an object, even if its one-half is covered with black paper. It can be understood by the following two cases. In this case, the rays of light coming from the object will be refracted by the lower half of the lens. These rays meet at the other side of the lens to form the image of the given object, as shown in the following figure.

In this case, a ray of light coming from the object is refracted by the upper half of the lens. Concept Insight: In case of the half covered lens, the number of rays used up to make the image on the other side of the lens will be reduced to half. Concept Insight: Remember to use appropriate sign conventions while substituting the values in lens formula. The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed 30 cm in front of the lens.

This is shown in the following ray diagram. The positive value of v indicates that the image is formed behind the mirror. The positive value of magnification indicates that the image formed is virtual and erect. Concept insight - Correct interpretation of the signs are important.

Object distance u is conventionally always taken as negative. Magnification produced by a mirror is given by,. It shows that the image formed by the plane mirror is of the same size as that of the object. The positive sign shows that the image formed is virtual and erect. Concept Insight - Positive magnification corresponds to virtual and erect image.

The numeral value of magnification indicates that the size of the image is that many times the size of the object. According to the mirror formula,. The positive value of magnification indicates that the image formed is virtual.

The positive value of the image Class 10th Physics Chapter 1 Ncert Solutions Uk height indicates that the image formed is erect. Therefore, the image formed is virtual, erect and smaller in size. Concept Insight - Write the given data in appropriate sign conventions. Then identify the unknown quantities that need to be evaluated. Then put the formulae that are most suitable. The screen should be placed at a distance of 54 cm in front of the given mirror.

The negative value of the image height indicates that the image formed is inverted. Concept Insight - The interpretation of sign convention is the key here. The focal length is negative. Hence, it is a concave lens. Concept Insight - The value of the focal length should be written in metres when substituting in the formula:.

Thus:

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