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Consider the following statements regarding the impact of Economic liberalisation industrialisation in India:. The process of industrialization in India can be divided into two parts � before and after In August , Government of India took a bold step by changing its economic policies from state control to market forces.
The immediate cause of these changes in economic policy was to tide over balance of payment crises but having wide social, economic, political and geographical implications. During the first forty years after independence the Indian economy had diversified and expanded very fast. But this growth was characterized by rigid controls and regulations. A need was felt to give more responsibility to private capital and enterprise, both domestic as well as foreign.
In response to this, the new industrial policy of liberalization, privatisation and globalization was adopted in August Indian Petro-Chemical Corporation has set up a huge petro-chemical complex near vadodara producing a wide range of products. The only private oil refineries belonging to Reliance Industries Ltd. Petro-chemicals industry is one of the fastest growing industries of India. This industry has revolutionised the industrial scene by providing the products which are substituting the traditional raw materials like wood, glass and metals.
Its products meet various needs of the people at the low cost. Petrochemicals are derived from petroleum or natural gas. We use a variety of products from morning till evening made from petrochemicals Toothbrushes, toothpaste, combs, hairpins, soap cases, plastic mugs, garments, radiocaes, ball point pens, detergents, electric switches, lipstick, insecticides, bags, bed covers, and foam are some of the goods made from petro-chemicals.
Besides Vadodara, Gandhar, and Hazira in Gujarat and Nagathone in Maharashtra are other important centres of the petro-chemical industry. India is self-sufficient in the production of petro-chemicals.
Crude oil has no value unless it is refined, while refining crude oil; thousands of products like kerosene, diesel, lubricants and raw material for the petro-chemical industry are derived. India has at present 18 refineries. Industries can be classified into different categories on the basis, such as sources of raw material, ownership, functions, size of industry and weight of raw material and finished products. Since India is still an agricultural country, it has developed various agro-based industries such as cotton textile, woolen textile, jute textile and sugar industry.
Consider the following statements regarding the distribution of cotton textile industry in India:. Majority of cotton textile mills are still located in the cotton growing areas of the Great Plains and peninsular India. Cotton textile industry is one of the most widely distributed industries in our country. These mills are located in more than 88 centres in different parts of the country But majority of cotton textile mills are still located in the cotton growing areas of the Great Plains and peninsular India.
Maharashtra is the leading producer of cotton textile in the country. Mumbai is the major centre of textile mills. About a half of the Cotton textile mills are located in Mumbai alone. Mountain railways of India is not contiguous, but consists of three separate railway lines located in different parts of the country viz. Consider the following statements regarding distribution of mineral and energy resources in India:.
Dharwad and Cuddapah systems contain resources of major metallic minerals like copper, lead, zinc etc. Major non-metallic minerals like limestone, dolomite, gypsum, calcium, sulphate etc are found in an upper Vindhyan system. The distribution of mineral and energy resources is uneven. Coal deposits are mostly associated with Gondwana system, Dharwad and Cuddapah systems contain resources of major metallic minerals like copper, lead, zinc etc and major non-metallic minerals like limestone, dolomite, gypsum, calcium, sulphate etc are found in Cuddapah and upper Vindhyan system.
Coal is used as raw material in chemical and fertiliser industries and in the production of thousands of items of daily use. Coals are mainly found in the Gondwana and Tertiary coal field. Coal in India occurs in two important types of coal fields which are Gondwana coal fields and Tertiary coal fields. Coal in India occurs in two important types of coal fields. They are the Gondwana coal fields and Tertiary coal fields.
The Gondwana coalfields are located in the sedimentary rock systems of lower Gondwana Age. Besides lignite or brown coal are found in coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and in land basins of Rajasthan.
Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material? When the term ferrous metal is used, it also usually implies that iron is a large percentage of 10th Ncert Geography Syllabus Full the elemental composition. If a metal only contains trace amounts of iron, as many metals do, then that small amount is not considered enough to declare the metal ferrous.
The following are some examples of ferrous metals: 1. Carbon Steel 2. Stainless Steel 3. Cast Iron 4. Alloy Steel. Mica is a mineral name given to a group of minerals that are physically and chemically similar. They are all silicate minerals, known as sheet silicates because they form in distinct layers.
Micas are fairly light and relatively soft, and the sheets and flakes of mica are flexible. Mica is heat-resistant and does not conduct electricity. There are 37 different mica minerals. The most common include: purple lepidolite, black biotite, brown phlogopite and clear muscovite. India possesses more than minerals, out of which only 30 minerals have economic significance.
Reserves of petroleum and some non-ferrous metallic minerals are inadequate in India and in order to fulfil the internal demands for these minerals, the country is dependent on the imports from other countries. After independence though export continues but also mineral production has picked up in consonance with the increasing industrial demands in the country. India is richly endowed with minerals. Our country possesses more than minerals. Out of minerals, there are 30 minerals which have economic significance.
Some of the examples are coal, iron ore, manganese, bauxite, mica etc. The situation is also satisfactory in feldspar, florides, limestones, dolomite and gypsum etc. But the reserves of petroleum and some non-ferrous metallic minerals especially copper, lead, zinc, tin, graphite are inadequate. Non-ferrous minerals are those which do not contain iron. Country fulfills internal demands for these minerals by importing them from other countries.
India was least industrialised and most of the minerals were exported during British period. India is rich in good quality iron ores. This iron ore is valuable for the electrical industry because of its excellent magnetic properties. Hematite ore is the most important industrial iron ore; in terms of usage. Rainwater harvesting is the storing of rainwater during the monsoon season for the purpose of using it during periods of water scarcity.
Generally speaking, it is a process used for collecting and storing rainwater for human use. Rainwater harvesting is best described as the technique by which rain water is accumulated and stored with the intention of reusing it during the dry season or when there is a drought.
With rapid climatic changes, increase in global temperature and population growth, there is a scarcity of potable water in many countries across the world. The gradual falling of water levels, are a cause of serious concern not only because it leads to shortage of usable water but also because in coastal areas it causes imbalance in salinity of the area.
They serve a very important purpose and special care should be taken while construction and maintenance. Drip irrigation is a method of controlled irrigation in which water is slowly delivered to the root system of multiple plants.
Drip irrigation increases the water efficient irrigation system and hence it is very helpful in water conservation. Drip irrigation is the practice of applying small amounts of water and fertilizer uniformly across a specific area. The water and fertilizer are delivered directly to the crop root zone, eliminating runoff, evaporation, and drift. A properly designed and managed drip irrigation system gives producers the best uniformity and application efficiency available, consequently saving them time, energy, and water, all while maximizing 10th Ncert Geography Mcq Math yields.
There are two main types of drip irrigation systems � surface and sub-surface. The sub mains can be permanent or temporary. These systems are typically used on high value crops due to the yearly expense of new dripline and the labor for installation. Nagarjuna Sagar Dam was built on River Krishna. The construction commenced in and took 12 years for its completion. This place is at a distance of about Kms from Hyderabad. Nagarjuna Sagar is located in Nalgonda district of Telangana, and one of the most prominent Buddhist centres in India.
This is one of the most popular tourist places to visit near Hyderabad and one of the best weekend getaways from Hyderabad city. The Nagarjuna Sagar dam is feet tall from its foundation and 1. The dam provides irrigation water to mainly Guntur, Krishna, Khammam, and Nalgonda districts along with hydro electricity generation.
Narmada Bachao Andolan is the most powerful mass movement, started in , against the construction of a huge dam on the Narmada river. Narmada is India's largest west flowing river, which supports a large variety of people with distinguished culture and tradition ranging from the indigenous tribal people inhabited in the jungles here to the large number of rural population. Rainwater harvesting helps for flood mitigation. Appropriate designed recharges in open public spaces will help to keep the roads from flooding.
When water is not allowed to leave the premises there is less chance for choking up of the roads. Reduces Flooding and Erosion Harvesting rainwater can help the environment in a number of ways. Reduces Water Bills Rainwater harvesting will not only help individuals save on their water bills but can cut costs for entire communities. Reduced Demand on Ground Water Sources of groundwater are increasingly being strained in many areas throughout the world.
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