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Of the estimated 2, passengers and crew aboard, more than 1, died, making the sinking at the time one of the deadliest of a single ship [a] and the deadliest peacetime sinking of a superliner or cruise ship to date. RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time she entered service and was the second of three Olympic -class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line.

She was built by the Wooden magnetic sketch board repair and Wolff shipyard in Belfast. Thomas Andrewschief naval architect of the shipyard at the time, died in the disaster. Titanic was under the command of Captain Edward Smithwho also went down with the ship.

The ocean liner carried some of the wealthiest people in the world, as well as hundreds of emigrants from Great Britain and IrelandScandinavia and elsewhere throughout Europe, who were seeking a new life in the United States. The first-class accommodation was designed to be the pinnacle of comfort and luxury, with a gymnasium, swimming pool, libraries, high-class restaurants, and opulent cabins.

A high-powered radiotelegraph transmitter was available for sending passenger "marconigrams" and for the ship's operational use. The ship carried 16 lifeboat davits which could lower three lifeboats each, for a total of 48 boats. However, Titanic carried only a total of 20 lifeboatsfour of which were collapsible and proved hard to launch during the sinking. At the time of the sinking, the lowered lifeboats were only about half-filled.

The collision caused the hull plates to buckle inwards along her starboard right side and opened five of her sixteen watertight compartments to the sea; she could only survive four flooding.

Meanwhile, passengers and some crew members were evacuated in lifeboats, many of which were launched only partially loaded. A disproportionate number of men were left aboard because of a " women and children first wooden magnetic sketch board repair protocol for loading lifeboats. Just under two hours after Titanic sank, the Cunard liner RMS Carpathia arrived and brought aboard an estimated survivors.

The disaster was met with worldwide shock and outrage at the huge loss of life, as well as the regulatory and operational failures that led to it.

Public inquiries in Britain and the United States led to major improvements in maritime safety. Several new wireless regulations were passed around the world in an effort to learn from the many missteps in wireless communications�which could have saved many more passengers.

Thousands of artefacts have been recovered and displayed at museums around the world. Titanic has become one of the most famous ships in history, depicted in numerous works of popular culture, including books, folk songs, films, exhibits, and memorials. Titanic is the second largest ocean liner wreck in the world, only being surpassed by her sister ship HMHS Britannic ; however, she is the largest sunk while in service as a liner, as Britannic was in use as a hospital ship at the time of her sinking.

The final survivor of the sinking, Millvina Deanaged two months at the time, died in at the age of The name Titanic derives from the Titans of Greek mythology. Bruce Ismayand the American financier J. The White Wooden magnetic sketch board repair Line faced an increasing challenge from its main rivals Cunardwhich had recently launched the Lusitania and wooden magnetic sketch board repair Mauretania wooden magnetic sketch board repair fastest passenger ships then in service�and the German lines Hamburg America and Norddeutscher Lloyd.

Ismay preferred to compete on size rather than speed and proposed to commission a new class of liners that would be larger than anything that had gone before as well as being the last word in comfort and luxury. Teutonic was replaced by Olympic while Majestic was replaced by Titanic. The ships were constructed by the Belfast shipbuilders Harland and Wolffwho had a long-established relationship with the White Star Line dating back to Cost considerations were relatively low on the agenda and Harland and Wolff was authorised to spend what it needed on the ships, plus a five percent profit margin.

Harland and Wolff put their leading designers to work designing the Olympic -class vessels. The design was overseen by Lord Pirriea director of both Harland and Wolff and the White Star Line; naval architect Thomas Andrewsthe managing director of Harland and Wolff's design department; Edward Wilding, Andrews' deputy and responsible for calculating the ship's design, stability and trim; and Alexander Carlislethe shipyard's chief draughtsman and general manager.

On 29 JulyHarland and Wolff presented the drawings to J. Bruce Ismay and other White Star Line executives. Ismay approved the design and signed three "letters of agreement" two days later, authorising the start of construction. Titanic was based on a revised version of wooden magnetic sketch board repair same design Wooden Pallets Sketch 2019 and was given the number Titanic was feet 9 inches Her total height, measured from the base of the keel to the top of the bridge, was feet 32 m.

All three of the Olympic -class ships had ten decks excluding the top of the officers' quarterseight of which were for passenger use.

From top to bottom, the decks were:. Titanic was equipped with three main engines�two reciprocating four- cylindertriple-expansion steam engines and one centrally placed low-pressure Parsons turbine �each driving a propeller.

The two reciprocating engines had a combined output of 30, horsepower 22, kW. The output of the steam turbine was 16, horsepower 12, kW. The two reciprocating engines were each 63 feet 19 m long and weighed tons, with their bedplates contributing a further tons. They were heated by burning coal, 6, tons of which could be carried in Titanic ' s bunkerswith a further 1, tons in Hold 3.

The furnaces required over tons of coal a day to be shovelled into them by hand, requiring the services of firemen working around the clock.

Exhaust steam leaving the reciprocating engines was fed into the turbine, which was situated aft. From there it passed into a surface condenserto increase the efficiency of the turbine and so that the steam could be condensed back into water and reused.

There were three, one for each engine; the outer or wing propellers were the largest, each carrying three blades of manganese-bronze alloy with a total diameter of Titanic ' s electrical plant was capable of producing more power than an average city power station of the time. Titanic lacked a searchlight in accordance with the ban on the use of searchlights in the merchant navy.

The interiors of the Olympic -class ships were subdivided into 16 primary compartments divided by 15 bulkheads which extended above the waterline. Eleven vertically closing watertight doors could seal off the compartments in the event of an emergency.

Two masts, each ft 47 m high, supported derricks for working cargo. Titanic ' s rudder was so large�at 78 feet 8 inches Two steam-powered steering engines were installed, though only one was used at any one time, with the wooden magnetic sketch board repair one kept in reserve. They were connected to the short tiller through stiff springs, to isolate the steering engines from any shocks in heavy seas or during fast changes wooden magnetic sketch board repair direction.

The ship was equipped with her own waterworks, capable of heating and pumping water to all parts of the vessel via a complex network of pipes and valves. The main water supply was taken aboard while Titanic was in port, but in an emergency the ship could also distil fresh water from seawater, though this was not a straightforward process as the distillation plant quickly became clogged by salt deposits.

A network of insulated ducts conveyed warm air, driven by electric fans, around wooden magnetic sketch board repair ship, and First Class cabins were fitted with additional electric heaters. Titanic 's radiotelegraph equipment then known as wireless telegraphy was leased to the White Star Line by the Marconi International Marine Communication Companywhich also supplied wooden magnetic sketch board repair of its employees, Jack Phillips and Harold Brideas operators.

The service maintained a hour schedule, primarily sending and receiving passenger telegrams, but also handling navigation messages including weather reports and ice warnings. The radio room was located on the Boat Deck, in the officers' quarters.

A soundproofed "Silent Room", next to the operating room, housed loud equipment, including the transmitter and a motor-generator used for producing alternating currents.

The operators' living quarters were adjacent to wooden magnetic sketch board repair working office. The ship was equipped with a 'state of the art' wooden magnetic sketch board repair kilowatt rotary spark-gap transmitteroperating under the radio callsign MGY, and communication was conducted in Morse code. This transmitter was one of the first Marconi installations to use a rotary spark-gap, which gave Titanic a distinctive musical tone that could be readily distinguished from other signals.

The transmitter was one of the most wooden magnetic sketch board repair in the wooden magnetic sketch board repair, and guaranteed to broadcast over a radius of miles wooden magnetic sketch board repair. An elevated T-antenna that spanned the length of the ship was used for transmitting and receiving.

The normal operating frequency was kHz m wavelength ; however, the equipment could also operate on the "short" wavelength of 1, kHz m wavelength that was employed by smaller vessels with shorter antennas.

The passenger facilities aboard Titanic aimed to meet the highest standards of luxury. According to Titanic ' s general arrangement plans, the ship could accommodate First Class Passengers, in Second Class and wooden magnetic sketch board repair, in Third Class, for wooden magnetic sketch board repair total passenger capacity of 2, In addition, her capacity for crew members exceededas most documents of her original configuration have stated that her full carrying capacity for both passengers and crew was approximately 3, Her interior design was a departure from that of other passenger liners, which had typically been decorated in the rather heavy style of a manor house or an English country house.

Titanic was laid out in a much lighter style similar to that of contemporary high-class hotels�the Ritz Hotel was a reference point�with First Class cabins wooden magnetic sketch board repair in the Empire style. The aim was to convey an impression that the passengers were in a floating hotel rather than a ship; as one passenger recalled, on entering the ship's interior a passenger would "at once lose the feeling that we are on board ship, and seem instead to be entering the hall of some great house on shore".

Among the more novel features wooden magnetic sketch board repair to first-class passengers was a 7 ft. For an extra cost, first-class passengers could enjoy the finest French haute cuisine in the most luxurious of surroundings.

At ft. Third Class commonly referred to as Steerage accommodations aboard Titanic were not as luxurious as First or Second Class, but even so were better than on many other ships of the time. They reflected the improved standards which the White Star Line had adopted for trans-Atlantic immigrant and lower-class travel.

On most other North Atlantic passenger ships at the time, Third Class accommodations consisted of little more than open dormitories in the forward end of the vessels, in which hundreds of people were confined, often without adequate food or toilet facilities. The White Wooden magnetic sketch board repair Line had long since broken that mould.

As seen aboard Titanicall White Star Line passenger ships divided their Third Class accommodations into two sections, always at opposite ends of the vessel from one.

The established arrangement was that single men were quartered in the forward areas, while single women, married couples and families were quartered aft. In addition, while other ships provided only open berth sleeping arrangements, White Star Line vessels provided their Third Class passengers with private, small but comfortable cabins capable of accommodating two, four, six, eight and ten passengers.

Third Class accommodations also included their own dining rooms, as well as public gathering areas including adequate open deck space, which aboard Titanic comprised the Poop Deck at the stern, the forward and aft well decks, and a large open space on D Deck which could be used as a social hall.

This was supplemented by the addition of a smoking room for men and a General Room on C Deck which women could use for reading and writing. Although they were not as glamorous in design as spaces seen in upper class accommodations, they were still far above average for the period. Leisure facilities were provided for all three classes to pass the time. As well as wooden magnetic sketch board repair use of the indoor amenities such as the library, smoking rooms, and gymnasium, it was also customary for passengers to socialise on the open deck, promenading or relaxing in Wooden Magnetic Sketch Board 95 hired deck chairs or wooden benches.

A passenger list was published before the sailing to inform the public which members of the great and good were on board, and it was not uncommon for ambitious mothers to use the list to identify rich bachelors to whom they could introduce their marriageable daughters during the voyage.

Built of solid English oak with a sweeping curve, the staircase descended through seven decks of the ship, between the Boat Deck to E deck, before terminating in a simplified single flight on F Deck.

At the uppermost landing was a large carved wooden panel containing a clock, with figures of "Honour and Glory Crowning Time" flanking the clock wooden magnetic sketch board repair. It has been suggested that during the real event, the entire Grand Wooden magnetic sketch board repair was ejected upwards through the dome.

Although Titanic was primarily a passenger liner, she also carried a substantial amount wooden magnetic sketch board repair cargo. For the storage of letters, parcels and specie bullion, coins and other valuables26, cubic feet m Wooden Magnetic Sketch Board And Mouse 3 of space in her holds was allocated. The Sea Post Office wooden magnetic sketch board repair G Deck was manned by five postal clerks; three Americans and two Britons, who worked 13 hours a day, seven days a week sorting up to wooden magnetic sketch board repair, items daily.

The ship's passengers brought with them a huge amount of baggage; another 19, cubic feet In addition, there was a considerable quantity of regular cargo, ranging from furniture to foodstuffs, and a Renault Wooden magnetic sketch board repair CE Coupe de Ville motor car.

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