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NCERT Solutions for Class 1 to 12, Free CBSE NCERT Solutions Get an overview of the CBSE Class 10 Political Science Chapter 2 - Federalism by going through the notes. These notes cover all the important topics and help you in understanding them easily. Q.3 Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to and one feature that is different from that of Belgium. (i) Similar Feature: Both Belgium and India have a three � tier government. (ii) Different Feature: In Belgium there is a community government as the third tier, while we have a local self- government (not based on races/castes) in India as the third. Sep 23, �� Federalism Class 10 Notes Civics Social Science (myboat319 boatplans) What is Federalism? Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. Features of Federalism � There are two or .
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If you were participating in this conversation what would be your response to each of these? Which of these reflect a wrong understanding of what federalism is?

What makes India a federal country? What different caste groups are being given are their rights, which they have been kept deprived of for years.

Federalism truly serves the purpose when it believes in matual trust. This is the spirit of democracy. Response to Sarita : No Sarita, Nepal is also a diverse country consisting of group of people having different interests. Take the example of Belgium. Though it was a small country, there spread social conflict. This could only be resolved by making a federation. So, we also need a federal system that takes care of its people equally. There are other areas as well which need more autonomy.

So, the only way is to form a federal system so that each region gets its own share and can live together with mutual trust and contribute to the development of the nation equally. Response to Ram Ganesh : Yes, I agree. When power is concentrated in one hand, it harms the will of the common people. In a democracy, people rule themselves thorugh institution of self- governance.

The decentralization of power will ensure due respect to diverse groups and views that exist in the society, and everyone will have a voice in the shaping of public policy. These have their own jurisdictions. There is a Constitution which declares their powers and duties.

There is an apex court under an independent judiciary, which can resolve disputes among them. All the state governments have their own sources of income. Income is also shared with the central government. All these features make India a federal country. Did our Constitution makers not known about federalism? Or did they wish to avoid talking about it? It is not strange. Our Constitution makers where aware of the concenpt of deralism.

But, intentionally, they did not talk about it. This was because our democracy was passing through a nascent stage where they had to take steps to consolidate different free princely states.

If they had been given more autonomy, we might have faced many divisions of our country. They supposed that with maturity of democracy, proper changes will be brought in the Constitution to make the nation more federal. So they left this issue to the people and future leaders to decide about. Intext Questions. This is because the states have to deal with each other in commercial and agricultural commodities. There comes chances when a state will act arbitrarily. In that condition, problems will arise regarding prince control, tax getc.

Also the country has to deal with other nations in these subjects. So, a separate ministry for agriculture and commerce is necessary in the Union cabinet. Let us Listen To Radio. Make a list of news items related to government policies or decisions by classifying these into the following categories. News items that relate only to the Central Government.

News items that relate only to your or any other State Government. News items about the relation � ship between the Central and State Government. Students do themselves. No, the Government of Rajasthan cannot prevent the Government of India from conducting the nuclear tests. But the Union Government does not like the style and content of the new textbooks. In that case, does the state government need to take permission from the Union Government before these textbooks can be launched?

Yes, in this case the Government of Sikkim will have to take permission from the Union Government, because education is a subject of Concurrent list on which both the state and Union governments can make laws And, in case of any conflict of law, only the Union law prevails.

An the Prime Minister of India intervene and pass an order that all the Chief Ministers will have to obey? No, police is a state subject on which only the states can make laws. Lets Read The Map. If not, what was the name of the earlier state? No, it was earlier Uttar Pradesh. Why not Bangla or Telugu? But, being a federal Government, it cannot impose its will on the people who speak a language other than Hindi.

This is the flexibility shows by the Union that states have their own official languages. We respect the language and culture of each other. So, people are free to speak in the language of their choices.

Each state has its official language. Let Us Read The Cartoon. Should the state go to the Centre with a begging bowl? How can the leader of a coalition keep the partners of government satisfied? Write a short note for or against the argument given by the author here on the basis of that example. As we have seen in Sri Lanka, alienation of the people on the basis of language has led to a social conflict which ruined the country and created a situation of civil war.

But, in India, even with about major languages, we live in peace and prosperity with the spirit of togetherness. As we have seen in Tamil Nadu, stopping the use of English has caused a militant movement, so linguistic tolerance is a must for our country. In fact, formation of states on the basis of language has made the country more united and stronger. It has also made administration easier. Scheduled Languages of India. Are you serious? In no way regionalism can be good for our democracy.

In a country like ours, where we have multicolored cultures, languages and traditions, the colour of India is made of all this. We grow and develop when each region grows and develops.

We should develop with the spirit of mutual trust and living together. Hence, I am serious while saying that there is no place for regionalism in our democracy. Chief Minster runs the state. Logically, then the Chairperson of Zilla Parishad should run the district. Why does the D. The president of Zilla Parishad is the political head. All the decisions are made under his leadership. In fact, the DM is the administrative head, who executes the decisions of the Parishad. This is , in fact, an example of sharing of power.

We can compare it with sharing of power between the legislative and executive. So it is right that the DM administers the district. In these newspaper clippings, the news are related to Panchayats. Panchayats in India are meant for the decentralization of power.

These are meant for the self-governance at the grassroots level. Lets Find Out. If you live in a village find out the names of the following : Your panch or ward member, your sarpanch, your panchayat samiti, the Chairperson of your zilla parishad.

Also find out when did the last meeting of the gram sabha take place and how many people took part in that. If you live in urban areas, find out the name of your Municipal Councillor, and the Municipal Chairperson or Mayor.

Also find out about the budget of your municipal corporation, municipality and the major items on which money was spent. Manipur , Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.

Explain with an example. If there are other levels of the government, they are either sub-units or subordinate to the national government. The states or provinces have to follow the orders of the national government. Both the countries have a clear division of powers and separate powers are allotted to the state and the centre.

However, Belgium practices a system of community government to cater to the cultural, linguistic and other needs of the people which is a feature missing in that of the Indian constitution. What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one?

Explain with an example. In a federal form of government, the powers are divided between a central authority and various other constituent units of the country, for example, India where the powers are divided between the centre and state. Whereas in case of a unitary government there is one level of government or the subordinates which are subordinate to the central government, for example Sri Lanka where the central government has all the powers.

State any two differences between the local government before and after the Constitutional amendment in The local government before the Constitutional Amendment of did not possess any powers or resources personally. Also, before , elections irregularly took place and there was no symmetry in their conduct.

However, after the Constitutional Amendment of , they do have their share of powers which they derive from the state governments. Also, provisions for regular elections have been made and now elections take place after the end of every fixed tenure as decided. Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions.

Arman: The Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language. Harish: This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages. Option d i. Government power is divided between levels of government is a distinguishing feature of a federal government. Group them under the Union, State and Concurrent Lists as provided in the table below. Defence; B. Police; C. Agriculture; D. Education; E. Banking; F. Forests; G. Communications; H.

Trade; I. Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in India and the powers of the government at that level to make laws on the subjects mentioned against each. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

In the above case all the options a, b, c seems to be correctly matched however option d not correctly matched. In a federation, the powers of the federal and provincial governments are demarcated. India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective subjects. India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the local government bodies.

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