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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science - Chapter wise Free PDFs

Answer: i a and b. Answer: d Question. Tick the correct answer. Answer: a Question. Why should chemical equation be balanced? Answer: An equation having an equal number of atoms of each element on both the sides is called a balanced chemical equation. According to this law, mass can neither 10th class science ncert guide relations created nor destroyed. In other words, the total mass of reactants should be scence to the total mass of the products in a chemical equation.

Therefore, the total number atoms of each element participating in the reaction must be equal on both sides of the chemical equation i. Hence, it is for the above reason that a chemical equation should be balanced. Give examples. Answer: Exothermic reactions: Those reactions in which energy is released in the form of heat 10th class science ncert guide relations called exothermic reactions. Examples - 1 All combustion reactions e.

The decomposition of organic 10th class science ncert guide relations into compost is an example of exothermic reaction. Endothermic reactions: Those reactions in 10th class science ncert guide relations energy is absorbed are called endothermic reactions.

Examples -also, the reaction of photosynthesis - Question. Answer: For the sustenance of life we require energy. We obtain this energy from our food. In the process of digestion, food molecules get converted into simpler substances such as, glucose. Then glucose combine with oxygen and provide energy to our body. The whole process is known as respiration.

As because, energy is released during the process of respiration, so it is considered an exothermic reaction. Write equations for these reactions. Answer: Decomposition reactions are those reactions in which a compound is broken into two or more new compounds.

Combination reactions are those reactions in which two substances are relatoons to form a new substance. Answer: In displacement reactionone element from its ugide is displaced by a more reactive element e.

Write down the reaction involved. Answer: When copper is mixed in silver nitrate solution, it displaces the silver because copper is more reactive than silver. Explain by giving examples. Answer: The reactions in which a precipitate is formed are called precipitation reactions. Examples: 1. Oxidation b. Reduction Answer: a Oxidation : The reactions in which gain of oxygen takes place are called oxidation.

Examples - 1. When it is heated in air, it becomes black due to the deposit of copper oxide. Answer: We apply paint on iron articles to prevent them from corrosion. Paint prevents iron from coming in contact 100th air and moisture. Thus, painting ncrrt rusting of iron articles. Answer: Nitrogen being an inert gas does not react easily with the oil and fat present in the food substances. But oxygen relatione easily with the food substances and makes them rancid.

It is because of this reason that food items containing oil and fat are flushed with nitrogen gas before their packing to remove oxygen present in the pack. Generally, metals get corroded more easily. For example, iron in the presence of moisture, reacts with oxygen air to form hydrated iron oxide also called Rust.

Rancidity can be prevented by: 1. Storing food in refrigerators or in air-tight containers. Flushing oil and fat containing food items with nitrogen before their packing. By adding anti-oxidants. Chapter 1, Chemical Reactions and Equations. The above reaction is an example of a. Answer: d. Answer: a. Exothermic reactions: Those reactions in which energy is released in the form of heat are called exothermic reactions.

Examples. Combinations are generally exothermic in nature. For example. In above examples, both the reactions are same but show opposite directions, so decomposition reaction is called the opposite of combination reaction.

In double displacement reactionexchange of ions 10th class science ncert guide relations place between two reactants to form new products. In this reaction, BaSO4 is obtained as precipitate.

Here calcium carbonate is obtained as precipitate. Rancidity can be prevented by:. Next Prev Post. Previous Next Post. Anonymous June 23, at PM. Unknown April 13, at PM. Unknown May 15, at PM.

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I'm learn vessel 10th class science ncert guide relations as csience as Naval Designer Morten Olesen. Inside of a aged days you had been usually unprotected to the Network Promotion as well as selling event when any one invited us to the board public or the "household room ambush". Working earnestly with the clients during a critical thing full pattern theatre equates to you might give an tangible suspicion of prices as well as costs associated to a pattern as well as structure of your vessel .

These drugs may be a oral pills or b vaginal pills. Oral pills mainly contains hormones and are called oral contraceptives. They disturb hormonal balance so that eggs are not released and fertilised. ICUDs prevents implantation of the fertilized ovum inside the uterus. In males, a small portion of vas deferens and the fallopian tube in female is surgically removed or ligated tied.

It is known as vasectomy in males which prevents release of sperms from the testes. In females, it is called tubectomy. Multi cellular organisms cannot simply divide cell by cell because: i Many multi cellular organism are not simply a random collection of cells. Specialised cell are organised as tissues and tissues are organised into organs which are placed at a definite position in the body. In such a carefully organised situation, cell by cell division for reproduction would be impracticable.

The uterus develops thick and spongy lining to receive fertilised egg. When the egg is not fertilised, uterine lining slowly break and comes out as blood and mucous. This cycle takes place roughly every month and is known as menstrual cycle menstruation. Fragmentation: The mode of reproduction of simple multicellular organisms in which body simply breaks up into smaller pieces upon maturity and each piece or fragment grows into a new individual is called fragmentation.

The relatively simple multicellular organisms which are simply a random collection of cells are involved in fragmentation type of reproduction. Example: Spirogyra. Role of seminal vesicle and Prostate gland. Along the path of the vas deferens, these glands add their secretions so that the sperms are now in a fluid which makes their transport easier and this fluid also provides nutrition to sperms. The transfer of pollen grains form anther of stamen to stigma is called pollination.

The transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of a different plant of the same species is called cross pollination. In this case, pollen grains of the same flower do not pollinate its stigma. In cross pollination, the transfer of pollen grains may take place through some agency like wind, insect, bird, water, mammals etc. Transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or a flower on the same plant is called self pollination.

Question 1: a Name the following: i Thread like non-reproductive structures present in Rhizopus. Answer 1: a i Hyphae ii Sporangia b On maturity sporangia ruptures and release spores. Each spore contains a nucleus and cytoplasm enclosed in a thick wall for protection. Function: Spores disperse far and wide.

Each spore grows into new Rhizopus when come in contact of moist surface and other suitable conditions. Question 2: Differentiate between pollen gains and ovule? Answer 2: Pollen grain produces male germs-cell male gamete in the plants. The ovule contains a female gamete female germ cell or egg. Question 1: Name the plant that reproduces through leaves.

List two advantages of this way of reproduction. Answer 1: Bryophyllum Advantages: i Many buds are produced in the notches along the margin of a single leaf.

Each leaf-bud of Bryophyllum produces a plant. Question 2: Give functions of the following organs of the Ncert Book Of 10th Class Science 8th human male reproductive system. It keeps the temperature lower than the normal body temperature that is required for the formation of sperm.

Barrier method: In this method, the fertilization of ovum and sperm is prevented with the help of barriers. Barriers are available for both males and females. Condoms are barriers made of thin rubber that are used to cover penis in males and vagina in females. Oral contraceptives: In this method, tablets or drugs are taken orally. These contain small doses of hormones that prevent the release of eggs and thus fertilization cannot occur.

Implants and surgical methods: Contraceptive devices such as the loop or Copper-T are placed in uterus to prevent pregnancy. Some surgical methods can also be used to block the gamete transfer.

It includes the blocking of vas deferens to prevent the transfer of sperms known as vasectomy. Similarly, fallopian tubes of the female can be blocked so that the egg will not reach the uterus known as tubectomy. What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction? What are sexually transmitted diseases? Name an STD which damages the immune system of human body. Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?

The sky appears dark to passengers or astronauts flying at high altitudes, as scattering is not prominent at such heights due to thin atmosphere. Question 1: Why do we see stars appear twinkling, whereas planets do not twinkle?

What is this defect called? State reason for this effect. Answer 1: Twinkling of stars: The apparent position of a star is slightly different from the actual position due to refraction of starlight by the atmosphere.

Further, this apparent position is not stationary but keeps on changing due to the change in atmospheric conditions like density, temperature, etc. The amount of light entering our eyes from a particular star increases or decreases randomly with time. Sometimes, the star appears bright and other times, it appears fainter. This gives rise to the twinkling effect of the star. The planets do not show twinkling effect: As the planets are much closer to the earth, the amount of light received from them is much greater and the fluctuations caused in the amount of light due to atmospheric refraction are negligible as compared to the amount of light received from them.

Question 2: What is astigmatism? How is it caused? How is it corrected? Or What is astigmatism and how is this vision defect counteracted? Answer 2: Astigmatism: It is a defect of vision in which a person cannot simultaneously see both the horizontal and vertical views of an object with same clarity.

Cause of astigmatism: This defect occurs when the cornea of the eye is not perfectly spherical. This results in objects in one direction being well focussed while those in perpendicular direction are not well focussed. Correction of astigmatism: Astigmatism can be corrected by using cylindrical lenses.

They have different curvatures in horizontal and vertical directions and so they can be oriented suitably to compensate for the irregularities in the cornea. As the sunlight is not scattered, no scattered light reach the eyes of the astronauts and the sky appears black to them. Solutions are available online as well as offline in PDF form to free download.

What is hypermetropia? What are the two causes of this defect of vision? How can this defect of the eye be corrected? What is presbyopia? Write two causes of this defect. Why is the colour of the clear sky blue?

Important Questions on 10th Science Chapter 11 What happens to the image distance in the eye when we increase the distance of an object from the eye? Since the size of eyes cannot increase or decrease, the image distance remains constant.

When 10th Class Hindi Ncert Guide Sale we increase the distance of an object from the eye, the image distance in the eye does not change. The increase in the object distance is compensated by the change in the focal length of the eye lens.

The focal length of the eyes changes in such a way that the image is always formed at the retina of the eye.

Why do stars twinkle? Stars emit their own light and they twinkle due to the atmospheric refraction of light. Stars are very far away from the earth. Hence, they are considered as point sources of light. When the star light refracted by the atmosphere comes more towards us, it appears brighter than when it comes less towards us.

Therefore, it appears as if the stars are twinkling at night. Explain 10th Class Science Ncert Guide Sale why the planets do not twinkle? Planets do not twinkle because they appear larger in size than the stars as they are relatively closer to earth. Planets can be considered as a collection of a large number of point-size sources of light.

The different parts of these planets produce either brighter or dimmer effect in such a way that the average of brighter and dimmer effect is zero. Hence, the twinkling effects of the planets are nullified and they do not twinkle. Why does the Sun appear reddish early in the morning? In this journey, the shorter wavelengths of lights are scattered out and only longer wavelengths are able to reach our eyes. Since blue colour has a shorter wavelength and red colour has a longer wavelength, the red colour is able to reach our eyes after the atmospheric scattering of light.

Therefore, the Sun appears reddish early in the morning. Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut?

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