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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13 for session Aug 10, �� NCERT Solutions are Accurate Vedantu aims to give you percent accurate and reliable Class 10 Science Chapter 13 solutions. We provide step-by-step solutions for the questions in NCERT, which are strictly guideline-maintained. We will help you to achieve the maximum possible marks and bring out the best in you. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13 Magnetic Effect of Electric Current intext questions on Page , Page , Page , Page , Page , Page , Page , Page and Exercises are given. 10th Science Chapter 13 solutions are in English Medium PDF file format updated for academic session for UP Board, MP Board as well as those boards who are following .
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Question 23 The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is a the process of charging a body. Solution: c producing induced current in a coil due to relative motion between a magnet and the coil. Question 24 The device used for producing electric current is called a a generator. Solution: a generator. Question 26 At the time of short circuit, the current in the circuit a reduces substantially.

Solution: c increases heavily. Question 27 State whether the following statements are true or false. Solution: a An electric motor converts mechanical energy into electrical energy � false. Question 28 List three sources of magnetic fields. Solution: a Magnetic field due to a current through a straight conductor.

Question 29 How does a solenoid behave like a magnet? Can you determine the north and the south poles of a current-carrying solenoid with the help of a bar magnet? Solution: A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper wire wrapped closely in the shape of the cylinder is called a solenoid. The pattern of the magnetic field lines around a current- carrying solenoid is shown in this figure.

In fact, one end of the solenoid behaves as a magnetic north pole, while the other behaves as the south pole. The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of parallel straight lines.

This indicates that the magnetic field is the same at all points inside the solenoid. That is, the field is uniform inside the solenoid. A strong magnetic field produced inside a solenoid can be used to magnetise a piece of magnetic material, like soft iron, when placed inside the coil. The magnet so formed is called an electromagnet.

Question 30 When is the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field the largest? Solution: The force experienced by a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field is largest provided when the direction of current is at right angles to the direction of the magnetic field. Question 31 Imagine that you are sitting in a chamber with your back to one wall. Solution: The direction of magnetic field is towards west.

Question 32 Draw a labelled diagram of an electric motor. Solution: A motor is a device that converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy. For example, when a rectangular coil is placed in the magnetic field and current is passed through it, a torque acts on the coil, which rotates it continuously.

When the coil rotates, the shaft attached to it also rotates and therefore the electrical energy supplied to the motor is converted into the mechanical energy of rotation. An electrical motor consists of a rectangular coil ABCD of insulated copper wire, wound on a soft iron core called armature. The coil is mounted between the poles of a magnet in such a way that it can rotate between the poles N and S. The two ends of the coil are soldered to the ends of a commutator whose main function is to reverse the direction of the current flowing through the coil every time the coil just passes the vertical position during its revolution.

In the side PQ of the coil, the direction is from Q to P towards the south and the direction of the magnetic field is from the N to S pole towards the east.

Similarly, the side SR of the coil will experience a downward force. Thus we have two parallel wires experiencing forces in opposite directions. They form a couple tending to rotate the coil in the anticlockwise direction. When the coil goes beyond the vertical position, the two commutator half rings automatically changes contact from one brush to the other.

This reverses the direction of current through the coil which, in turn, reverses the direction of forces acting on the two sides of the coil. The sides of the coil are interchanged, but rotate in the same anticlockwise direction. This process is repeated again and again and the coil continues to rotate as long as the current is passing.

Question 33 Name some devices in which electric motors are used. Solution: Electric fans, refrigerators, mixers, washing machines, computers, MP3 players etc are some devices in which electric motors are used.

Question 34 A coil of insulated copper wire is connected to a galvanometer. What will happen if a bar magnet is i pushed into the coil, ii withdrawn from inside the coil, iii held stationary inside the coil?

Solution: i A deflection is observed in the galvanometer due to the induced current because of the changing magnetic flux increasing through the turns of the coil connected to the galvanometer.

Hence a current flows in the coil to reduce the change in flux. The deflection can be observed in the opposite direction as compared with the previous case.

The flux linked with the coil due to the magnetic field is at a constant. Hence no current is induced due to the bar magnet. Question 35 Two circular coils A and B are placed closed to each other. Solution: Yes, if the current in the coil A is changed, then some current will be induced in the coil B because due to the change in the magnetic field effect around the coils. Question 36 State the rule to determine the direction of a i magnetic field produced around a straight conductor-carrying current, ii force experienced by a current-carrying straight conductor placed in a magnetic field which is perpendicular to it, and iii current induced in a coil due to its rotation in a magnetic field.

Solution: i Right-hand thumb rule Imagine that we are holding a current carrying straight conductor in the right hand such that the thumb points towards the direction of current. Then our fingers will wrap around the conductor in the direction of the field lines of the magnetic field. This is known as Right-hand thumb rule. Question 37 Explain the underlying principle and working of an electric generator by drawing a labelled diagram.

Solution: A C. That is, an A. We will now describe the construction an working of the A. Construction of an A. The coil is made of a large number of turns of insulated copper wire.

The ends A and D of the rectangular coil are connected to two circular pieces of copper metal called slip rings R 1 and R 2. As the slip rings R 1 and R 2 rotate with the coil, the two pieces of carbon called brushes, B 1 and B 2 , keep contact with them.

So, the current produced in the rotating coil can be tapped out through slip rings into the carbon brushes. From the carbon brushes B 1 and B 2 we take the current into various electrical appliances like radio, T. But in this figure, we have shown only a galvanometer G connected the two carbon brushes.

Working of an A. Again suppose that he coil ABCD is being rotated in the anticlockwise direction between the poles N and S of a horseshoe type magnet.

Due to this, induced current is produced in the sides AB and DC of the coil. Thus, the induced currents in the two sides of the coil are in the same direction, and we get an effective induced current in the direction BADC. The side AB will come on the right hand side and DC will come on the left side. So, after half a revolution, side AB starts moving up and side DC starts coming down. As a result of this, the direction of induced current in each side of the coil is reversed after half a revolution.

Since the direction of induced current in the coil is reversed after half revolution so the polarity positive and negative of the two ends of the coil also changes after half revolution. The end of coil which was positive in the first half of rotation becomes negative in the second in the second half.

And the end which was negative in the first half revolution becomes positive in the second half of revolution.

Thus, in 1 revolution of the coil, the current changes its direction 2 times. The alternating current A. That is, the coil is rotated at the rate of 50 revolutions per second.

Thus, the A. This process is repeated again and again with the result that there is actually no positive and negative in an A. We will now describe why the direction of induced current in the coil of an A. After every half revolution, each side of the generator coil starts moving in the opposite direction in the magnetic field. The side of the coil which was initially moving downwards in a magnetic field, after half revolution, it starts moving in opposite direction � upwards.

Similarly the side of coil which was initially moving upwards, after half revolution, it starts moving downwards. Due to the change in the direction of motion of the two sides of the coil in the magnetic field after every half revolution, the direction of current produced in them also changes after every half revolution.

That is, a D. We will now describe the construction and working of D. Construction of a D. The generator coil is made of a large number of turns of insulated copper wire. The two ends of the coil are connected to the two copper half rings or split rings R 1 and R 2 of a commutator. There are two carbon brushes B 1 and B 2 which press lightly against the two half rings.

When the coil is rotated, the two half rings R 1 and R 2 touch the two carbon brushes B 1 and B 2 one by one. So the current produced in the rotating coil can be tapped out through the commutator half rings into the carbon brushes. From the carbon brushes B 1 and B 2 , we can take the current into the various electrical appliances like radio, T.

But in this figure, we have shown only a galvanometer G connected between the two carbon brushes. The galvanometer is a current detecting and current measuring instrument. Working of a D. The side AB will come on the right hand side and start moving up whereas side DC will come on then the two commutator half rings R 1 and R 2 automatically change their contacts from one carbon brush to the other.

Due to this change, the current keeps flowing in the same direction in the other circuits. The brush B 1 always remaining positive terminal and brush B 2 always remaining negative terminal of the generator. Thus, a D. In the above discussion we have used the word D. Please note that we can also write D.

Question 38 When does an electric short circuit occur? Solution: Short circuiting If the plastic insulation of the live wire and neutral wire gets torn, then the two wires touch each other. This touching of the live wire and neutral wire directly is known as short-circuiting. The current passing through the circuit formed by these wires is very large and consequently a high heating effect is created which may lead to fire.

Question 39 What is the function of an earth wire? In household circuits, we have three wires, the live wire, the neutral wire and the earth wire. One end of the earth wire is connected to the device and the other end of the wire is connected to the earth.

Usually the three wires are connected to a three-pin plug. The neutral wire or the earth connection carries the high current to the earth from the device and prevents an electric shock. Question 1. A compass is to be placed near a bar magnet with unknown poles. Outside the magnetic field, the compass needle is pointing towards North as shown below: Answer: c Magnetic field lines always point from North pole to South pole around the magnet.

Thus, compass needle follows the path difference of magnetic field lines. Question 2. A bar magnet is broken into three parts X, Y and Z. Which diagram show the poles in X, Y and Z? Answer: d When a magnet is broken into three parts X, Y and Z, each part is still a magnet and the strength of the magnetic force remains the same. Question 3. An unmagnetised iron bar is placed near the end of a bar magnet. Which of the following diagram is correct? Answer: b The end of the iron bar nearer to the South pole of the bar magnet becomes induced North pole while the other end is South pole.

Question 4. The diagram shows a current-carrying wire passing through the centre of a square cardboard. How do the strengths of the magnetic field at points X, Y and Z compare? Since, the magnetic field is circular. Y is the closest followed by X than Z.

Question 5. A circular loop placed in a plane perpendicular to the plane of paper carries a current when the key is on.

The current as seen from points A and Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 7 Quad B in the plane of paper and on the axis of the coil is anti-clockwise and clockwise, respectively. The magnetic field lines point from B to A. The N-pole of the resultant magnet is on the face close to a A b B c A if the current is small and B if the current is large d B if the current is small and A if the current is large [NCERT Exemplar] Answer: a The N-pole of the resultant magnet is on the face close to A because, the magnetic field lines enter in loop from B and come out from A.

Also, as a matter of fact magnetic lines come out of the N-pole of magnet. Therefore, face close to A represents N-pole. The currents in A and B are same. Question 6. A bar magnet is used to pick up an iron nail. At which parts X, Y and Z is the easiest for the magnet to pick up the iron nail? Question 7. If the key in the arrangement as shown below is taken out the circuit is made open and magnetic field lines are drawn over the horizontal plane ABCD, the lines are [NCERT Exemplar] a concentric circles b elliptical in shape c straight lines parallel to each other d concentric circles near the point O but of elliptical shapes as we go away from it Answer: c When the key is taken out the circuit is made open , no current flows through the wire, hence no magnetic field exists due to the conductor.

Question 8. Four metal rods are placed in turn inside the solenoid to attract paper clips. The table below gives the results of the experiment when current is switched on and off. Which rod would be the most suitable to use for the core of the solenoid in a circuit breaker? Answer: c The core of the solenoid in a circuit breaker must be made of a soft type magnetic material which can be strongly magnetised but does not retain induced magnetism.

Question 9. Permanent magnets can be made using hard magnetic materials. Which of the following is not the correct method to make permanent magnets? In fact, this is one of the methods to demagnetise magnets. Question In the arrangement shown in figure, there are two coils wound on a non-conducting cylindrical rod.

Initially, the key is not inserted. Then, the key is inserted and later removed. Then, a the deflection in the galvanometer remains zero throughout. Thus, the galvanometer shows momentary deflections in opposite directions. When key is inserted and removed, then the magnetic field lines passing through second coil increases and decreases in two cases respectively.

Therefore, the direction of current in two cases is opposite. Magnetic Field Space around a magnet in which magnetic effect is experienced. Magnetic Field Lines A line such that the tangent at any point on it gives the direction of the magnetic field at that point.

Magnetic Field Due to a Current Carrying Conductor The magnetic field around a straight conductor carrying current is in the form of closed circular loops, in a plane perpendicular to the conductor. Direction of magnetic field can be determined by using Right hand thumb rule. Solenoid A solenoid is a long cylindrical helix, which produces a magnetic field when an electric current is passed through it. The magnetic field within the solenoid is uniform and parallel to the axis of solenoid.

The magnetic field due to solenoid depends upon a number of turns i. Direction of magnetic field can be determined by using right hand rule. Electromagnet A solenoid with a soft iron core. A magnetic field is produced then an electric current flows through a coil of wire. Electric Motor It converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Types of Electric Generator D. Generator It is a type of generator which is used to produce induced current which flows in one direction.

Generator It generates alternating current that changes its polarity after every half rotation. Electromagnetic Induction Voltage is induced by the relative motion between a wire and a magnetic field. The amount of voltage induced depends on how fast the magnetic field lines are entering or leaving the coil.

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Page Number: Question 1 Draw magnetic field lines around a bar magnet. Answer: Question 2 List the properties of magnetic lines of force. Answer: Properties of magnetic lines of force : The magnetic field lines originate from the north pole of a magnet and end at its south pole. The magnetic field lines become closer to each other near the poles of a magnet but they are widely separated at other places.

Two magnetic field lines do not intersect one another. Page Number: � Question 1 Consider a circular loop of wire lying on the plane of the table. Page Number: � Question 1 Which of the following property of a proton can change while it moves freely in a magnetic field. Page Number: Question 1 Explain different ways to induce current in a coil. Answer: Different ways to induce current in a coil are : moving a magnet towards or away from the coil or vice-versa, and changing current in the neighbouring coil.

Page Number: Question 1 State the principle of an electric generator. Page Number: Question 1 Name two safety measures commonly used in electric circuits and appliances. Question 4 The essential difference between an AC generator and a DC generator is that i AC generator has an electromagnet while a DC generator has permanent magnet ii DC generator will generate a higher voltage iii AC generator will generate a higher voltage iv AC generator has slip rings while the DC generator has a commutator Answer: iv AC generator has slip rings while the DC generator has a commutator Question 5 At the time of short circuit, the current in the circuit i reduces substantially ii does not change iii increases heavily iv varies continuously Answer: iii Increases heavily.

Answer: i Current carrying conductor ii Electromagnets iii Permanent magnets Question 8 How docs a solenoid behave like a magnet? The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is very much similar to that of a bar magnet.

Like a bar magnet, one end of the solenoid has N-polarity while the other end has S-polarity. We now know two things : direction of current is from front towards us, and direction of force is towards our right side. Solution: Question 7 The magnetic field inside a long straight solenoid-carrying current a is zero b decreases as we move towards its end c increases as we move towards its end d is the same at all points Solution: d is the same at all points Question 8 Which of the following property of a proton can change while it moves freely in a magnetic field?

Metalrod When current is switched on, number of paper clips attracted When current is switched off, number of paper clips still attracted a 1 0 b 20 2 c 35 0 d 35 30 Which rod would be the most suitable to use for the core of the solenoid in a circuit breaker? Poles exist in pairs North and South Repulsion is a sure test of magnet Magnetic Field Space around a magnet in which magnetic effect is experienced Magnetic Field Lines A line such that the tangent at any point on it gives the direction of the magnetic field at that point.

Properties of Magnetic Field Lines All field lines are closed curves. Field lines are close together near the poles. Two field lines never intersect each other.

Direction of magnetic field can be determined by using Right hand thumb rule Solenoid A solenoid is a long cylindrical helix, which produces a magnetic field when an electric current is passed through it. Uses For lifting and transporting large masses of iron scrap. For loading furnaces with iron. Electric bell, telegraph, electric motor, relay, loud speaker, microphone For separating magnetic substances such as iron from other debris In scientific research to study the magnetic properties of a substance in a magnetic field Electric Motor It converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.

It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction Parts of Electric Motor Armature Field magnet Split-ring Commutator converts alternating voltage into direct voltage across the brushes. Brushes Battery Uses The d. Generator It is a type of generator which is used to produce induced current which flows in one direction A. Thus a magnetic field exerts a force on a current-carrying conductor. Such a force was first suggested and demonstrated experimentally by French Scientist Andre Marie Ampere in The magnitude of the induced current can be decreased by rapidly increasing or decreasing the Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 3 Cell number of magnetic field lines passing through a closed coil.

Earthing: Earthing of an electrical appliance means connecting the metallic body of the high powered appliance electric iron, toaster, refrigerator, oven, etc.

The earth wire has green insulation cover and is connected to a metal plate deep in the earth near the house and hence it is at zero potential. Function and importance of earthing: If, by chance, the live wire touches the metallic body of the electrical appliance, its current flows to the earth through the earth wire, which provides a low resistance conducting path for the current.

Thus, the earth wire or earthing is used as a safety measure which ensures any leakage of current to the metallic body of the appliance keeps its potential equal to that of the earth zero volt and the user may not get a severe electric shock. Question 1: In a household circuit, why are all the distribution circuit kept in parallel? OR What are the advantages of connecting different electrical appliances in parallel? Mention any three advantages. Answer 1: It has the following advantages: i If one line is overloaded, the fuse in this circuit only will be blown off, other distribution lines are protected.

Question 2: State Oersted observation. OR How can it be shown that a magnetic field exist around a wire through which a direct electric current is passing? Answer 2: An magnetic needle brought close to a straight current carrying wire aligns itself perpendicular to the wire, reversing the direction of current reverses the direction of deflection. This shows that the current carrying wire is associated with a magnetic field.

Question 1: Explain the meaning of the term electromagnetic induction. In what factors does the value of induced current produced in a circuit depend? Name and state the rule used for determination of direction of induced current. State one practical application of this phenomenon in everyday life. Answer 1: i The term electromagnetic induction means including electricity by magnetism.

Whenever, the magnetic flux linked with a closed circuit changes, an induced potential and hence an induced current is set up in it. This phenomenon is called electromagnetic induction. Question 2: What are direct and alternating currents? OR What is difference between direct current and alternating current? Answer 2: Direct Current: A direct current is that current which flows with constant magnitude in the same direction. Alternating Current: An alternating current is that current whose magnitude changes continuously with time and whose direction reverses after equal intervals of time.

Important Questions related to Chapter 13 of class 10 Science and previous years board questions are also given with solutions and proper answers. State the law of magnetic poles. Give some basic properties of magnets. What are magnetic lines of force?

Give their important properties. Mention some important uses of magnets in everyday life. What are magnetic field lines? How is the direction of a magnetic field at a point determined? Why does a current-carrying conductor experience a force in a magnetic field? In what way can the magnitude of the induced current be increased?

What is the function of an earth wire? Why is it necessary to earth the metallic appliances? Important Questions on 10th Science Chapter 13 List three sources of magnetic fields.

Three methods of producing magnetic field are as follows: Magnetic field can be produced by placing a permanent bar magnet or a horse-shoe magnet at the place, where magnetic field is required. Magnetic field is produced around a current-carrying straight conductor or a current carrying circular coil. A very good method to produce magnetic field is due to flow of current in Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 3 Visa a solenoid.

When is the force experienced by a current�carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field largest? The force experienced by a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field is largest when the current-carrying conductor is placed in a direction Ncert Solutions Class 10th Hindi Chapter 2 Year perpendicular to that of magnetic field. Name some devices in which electric motors are used. Electric motors are used in all such devices where we want to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy so as to drive that machine.

In our houses, electric motors are being fitted in electric fans, coolers, air conditioners, mixer grinders, washing machines, refrigerators, juicers, computers etc. In factories, motors are used in almost all machines.

A coil of insulated copper wire is connected to a galvanometer. What will happen if a bar magnet is i pushed into the coil, ii withdrawn from inside the coil, iii held stationary inside the coil? A current induces in a solenoid if a bar magnet is moved relative to it.

This is the principle of electromagnetic induction. As a result, the needle of the galvanometer deflects momentarily in a particular direction. As a result, the needle of the galvanometer deflects momentarily in the opposite direction.

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