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Going through the step-wise solutions for every question too is highly important to bag a good score. Also in this article, you will find the Step-wise explanation for each and every question. Going through them will help you in getting a better understanding of how to solve problems.
Question 1 You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube?
Answer: i Put the red litmus paper in all the test tubes, turn by turn. The solution which turns red litmus to blue will be a basic solution. The blue litmus paper formed here can now be used to test the acidic solution. The solution which turns the blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution.
Question 1 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels? Answer: Curd and sour substances should not be kept in brass and copper vessels because these and other sour food-stuffs contain acids which can react with the metal of the vessel to form poisonous metal compounds which can cause food poisoning and affect our health adversely.
Question 2 Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas? Answer: i Hydrogen H 2 gas is liberated when an acid reacts with a metal. Take some zinc granules in the test tube. Add about 5 mL dilute hydrochloric acid slowly. Soon the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid starts and hydrogen gas is evolved. When passed through soap solution, it gets trapped into bubbles.
Bring a burning candle near the soap bubble filled with gas. The soap bubble bursts and hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound. Question 3 Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence.
The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride. Answer: As the end product is calcium chloride and the gas formed is carbon dioxide, the metal compound A must be calcium carbonate. Therefore, the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is.
Question 1 Why do HCl, HNO 3 , etc show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character? HCl, HNO 3 , etc. Therefore, alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character. Question 2 Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity? Answer: The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it.
Question 3 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper? Question 4 While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid? Answer: While diluting an acid it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid because if water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, then a large amount of heat is evolved at once.
Answer: When a given amount of an acid is added to water, there is a fixed number of hydronium ions per volume of the solution. On dilution, the number of hydronium ions per volume decreases and concentration decreases.
Question 6 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions OH � affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide? Answer: The concentration of hydroxide ions will increase when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide, but it happens to a limited extent only after which the concentration becomes almost constant.
Question 1 You have two solutions A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? Which of this is acidic and which one is basic? Answer: A pH value of less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, while greater than 7 indicates a basic solution.
Since solution A has more hydrogen ion concentration, solution A is acidic and solution B is basic. If yes, then why are these basic?
But these are far less in number than OH � ions that is responsible for their basic nature. Question 4 Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime calcium oxide or slaked lime calcium hydroxide or chalk calcium carbonate? Answer: If the soil is too acidic having low pH then it is treated with materials like quick lime calcium oxide or slaked lime calcium hydroxide or chalk calcium carbonate.
Question 1 What is the common name of the compound CaOCl 2? Answer: Bleaching powder. Question 2 Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder. Answer: Slaked lime Ca OH 2. Question 3 Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water.
Answer: Sodium carbonate. Question 4 What will happen if a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated. Give the equation of the reaction involved? Answer: Solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate on heating gives sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide gas is evolved.
Question 5 Write an equation to show the reaction between plaster of Paris and water. Question 1 A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be a 1 b 4 c 5 d 10 Answer: d Question 2 A solution reacts with crushed-egg shells to give a gas that turns lime water milky. Question 4 Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating indigestion? Question 6 Compounds such as alcohol and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorised as acids.
Describe an activity to prove it. The bulb does not glow in this case also. This shows that alcohols and glucose are not acids.
Question 7 Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does? Answer: Distilled water does not conduct electricity because it does not contain any ionic compound like acids, bases or salts dissolved in it.
Rainwater, while falling to the earth through the atmosphere, dissolves an acidic gas carbon dioxide from the air and forms carbonic acid H 2 CO 3.
Hence, due to the presence of carbonic acid which provides ions to rainwater, the rainwater conducts electricity. Question 8 Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water? The acid produces hydrogen ions only in the presence of water. So in the absence of water, an acid will not form hydrogen ions and hence will not show its acidic behaviour. Which solution is a Neutral b Strongly alkaline c Strongly acidic d Weakly acidic e Weakly alkaline Arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration.
Question 10 Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously and why? Answer: Fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A. Being strong acid, the hydrochloric acid solution contains a much greater amount of hydrogen ions in it due to which the fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A containing hydrochloric acid.
The fizzing is due to the evolution of hydrogen gas which is formed by the action of acid on the magnesium metal of magnesium ribbon. Question 11 fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd?
Explain your answer. Answer: pH of milk falls below 6 as it turns into curd due to the formation of lactic acid during this process. Lactic acid present in it reduces its pH value. Question 12 A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk. Answer: a Milk is made slightly alkaline so that it may not get sour easily due to the formation of lactic acid in it. Question 13 Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container. Explain why?
Answer: Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container because the presence of moisture can cause slow setting of plaster of Paris by bringing about its hydration. This will make the plaster of Paris useless after sometime. Question 14 What is a neutralisation reaction? Give two examples. Answer: The reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water is called a neutralisation reaction.
Question 15 Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda. Answer: Uses of washing soda : i Washing soda is used in glass, soap and paper industries. Uses of baking soda : i Baking soda is used as an antacid in medicines to remove acidity of the stomach.
One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution respectively. Solution: The contents of each test tube would be identified by change in colour of red litmus paper. For example, when we wet the red litmus paper with the basic solution, it changes into blue colour.
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