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Beginner�s Guide to Boat Terminology - myboat265 boatplans
Is foam core construction a good thing when it comes to building boats? Some say yes and some say no, but myboat265 boatplans Senior Editor Lenny Rudow explains why. Atkin & Co Boat Plans, boat designs, boat building, William Atkin, John Atkin, Billy Atkin, small boats, good boats.� Having provided three generations with practical, well-proven wooden boat designs, our catalog offers more than designs including famed Atkin double-enders, traditional offshore and coastal cruising yachts, rowing/sailing dinghies, utilities and houseboats. Many of the designs represent great simplicity and make excellent projects for amateur builders. Superbly drawn study plans, usually copies of the original "how-to-build" magazine articles by William or John Atkin, will help you choose the boat best suited to your level of boatbuilding skill. The terms include those used within the British and American literature, as well, making the publication international in nature.� The present volume was released to provide all people interested in boatbuilding and boating with the complete and detailed plans and drawings for the seven boats of cruising type, with the dimensions ranging from twenty-eight to fifty-five feet.

Richard Steffy The glossary is primarily relevant to the first two sections of this handbook and is not meant to be representative of the entire field of maritime archaeology. As an independent contribution, it is an exquisite source of information on ship construction terminology, but also a testament to the work of the late Mr. Steffy, whose influence has been instrumental to the understanding of wooden ship building and the interpretation of shipwrecks and archival material.

Words set in bold type are defined elsewhere in the glossary. Entries have been illustrated wherever possible, either within the glossary or in the text. Alternate terms or spellings are listed in brackets after the entry. Alternate definitions for a single entry are commonplace; this is the result of diffusion, varying localities, and technological progress. However, the reader is cautioned that many of the timbers and devices listed here might have had additional identifications, often the invention of the writer or in local slang; some difficulty may be experienced in identifying such entries in various documents.

The confusion extends to modern publications. One marine dictionary shows the knee of the head as being located behind the gripe, while most of the others call this timber an apron and properly place the knee of the head just below the bowsprit. I have tried to sort out this confusion where possible. A few of them have been assigned terms in archaeological publications; the rest I hope I have anticipated and defined accurately.

One more word of caution. Many of the illustrations in the glossary are composite drawings, in some cases including features of several vessels or vessel types in the same drawing. Unless otherwise stated, these illustrations are not intended to represent construction details of specific watercraft. Adze [Adz] Fig. An axe-like tool with its blade at right angles to the handle, used for shaping and dressing wood.

Anchor Figs. G-1 and G A wooden, stone, or metal device that, when connected to a vessel with a cable or chain, was used to secure the vessel to the bed of a waterway to prevent it from drifting. Figure G Anchor bed. A reinforcement or platform, fitted on the side or deck of a vessel, on which an anchor or stack of anchors was stowed. One of the principal anchors of a ship, normally the one used first; in the last several centuries, it was usually the second largest anchor and was carried on the starboard bow.

One of the principal anchors of a vessel, permanently attached to a cable or chain and stowed ready for immediate use. The pointed or chisel-shaped end of an anchor arm, which was designed to dig into the bottom. Grapnel Fig. A relatively small anchor, usually fitted with four or five arms, used variously for making fast to other vessels, snagging cables, or anchoring small boats. Sheet anchor. The heaviest anchor of a large vessel, shipped in a ready position to be used for any emergency.

In the later years of large sailing ships, this was the third bower and was usually carried in the starboard bow next to the best bower. It was also called the sacred anchor. A wooden, stone, or metal crosspiece near the top of and perpendicular to the shank; it was designed to cant one of the arms so that its fluke dug into the bottom. Stream anchor. A smaller anchor, often about one-third the weight of the best bower, which was carried in the stern and used to prevent a vessel from swinging in narrow waterways.

Anchor stock planking Fig. A form of planking in which the longitudinal shapes of the planks resembled anchor stocks. It was similar to the top and butt method of planking and was intended to prevent shifting and increase the longitudinal strength of wales and other stress-bearing planks. Apron Fig. A curved piece of timber fixed to the after surface of the stem or to the top of the forward end of the keel and the after surface of the stem; an inner stempost.

Auger Fig. A tool used for boring holes. Back piece Fig. The aftermost piece of a rudder. Back rabbet Fig. The upper surface of a keel rabbet or the nesting surface of a post rabbet. Back rabbet line Fig. The line formed by the junction of the inner plank surface and the upper, or inner, rabbet surface.

Principal timbers; sectional views: a a popular arrangement for small and medium-sized craft; b a typical arrangement of principal timbers for large vessels, this for an early-twentieth-century four-masted schooner with a ft-long double keel; c the designations of keel and post rabbet surfaces; and d the designations of the lines formed by the junction of the rabbet and garboard surfaces. A rudder whose stock is placed aft of its leading edge so that the water pressure is approximately equal on its forward and after surfaces; balanced rudders require less turning power than conventional rudders.

Heavy material, such as iron, lead, or stone, placed low in the hold to lower the center of gravity and improve stability. A thin plank or strip of wood used to determine hull curvatures or to temporarily connect timbers during construction. Beam Figs. G-5 and G-7a � G-7e. A timber mounted athwartships to support decks and provide lateral strength; large beams were sometimes called baulks.

See also Breadth. Beam arm [Curved half-beam] Fig. A curved partial beam whose inboard end was scarfed or tenoned into the side of a deck beam Boat Construction Terminology 8th Edition and p.

Beam arms were used to reinforce potentially weak areas adjacent to hatches, bitts, masts, etc. They were essentially long knees laid as half beams. Bearding line Fig. The line formed by the junction of the outer garboard surface with the keel, or the outer surfaces of planking ends with the posts. Beetle Fig.

A heavy wooden mallet used to drive treenails, wedges, etc. See also Mallet. Belfries were usually mounted in the forecastle, although they sometimes appeared near the helm or mainmast; in some instances they were elaborate and ornate.

Berth deck [Birth deck] Fig. The deck immediately below the gundeck. Bevel Fig. The fore-and-aft angle or curvature of an inner or outer frame surface. Bevel gauge Fig. A tool used to determine frame face bevels. When used in the plural, especially in contemporary documents, bilges refers to the various cavities between the frames in the floor of the hold where bilge water tends to collect. Bilge boards. Loose boards placed over the bilges to protect cargo from bilgewater damage.

Bilge clamp. On ancient ships, a thick strake of ceiling fastened to the inner frame faces at or just above the turn of the bilge; thick ceiling opposite a bilge wale. See also Ceiling. Bilge keel. A secondary keel placed beneath the bilge or at the outer Boat Construction Terminology Guide Pdf end of the floor. Sometimes called a sister keel. Bilge ledge. A rabbeted longitudinal timber fastened over the frames above the bilge to support transverse ceiling planking. Bilge strake [Bilge plank] Fig. A thick strake of planking placed at or below the turn of the bilge; its purpose was to reinforce the area of the bilge or floor heads.

Infrequently it is called a bilge wale. Binding strakes Fig. The closest full-length strakes, or belts of strakes, to the middle of the deck. They reinforced the many openings hatches, mast steps, pumps, etc.

Binding strakes were so named only when they were thicker than the rest of the deck planks, being fitted into notches in the tops of deck beams. Bitt [Bit] Fig. A strong upright post used for securing lines and cables. Figure G shows several bitt arrangements. An open vessel, usually small and without decks, intended for use in sheltered water.

This term is discussed in the introduction. Hull timbers; a composite sectional view, using the form of the ship-sloop Peacock : 1 false keel; 2 keel; 3 garboard; 4 rising wood [deadwood]; 5 floor timber; 6 keelson; 7 stanchion; 8 limber board; 9 limber strake; 10 limber hole; 11 thick stuff [footwaling]; 12 common ceiling; 13 bottom planking; 14 bilge strakes; 15 footwale; 16 second futtock; 17 dagger knee; 18 shelf clamp; 19 lodging knee; 20 lower [or berthing] deck beam; 21 lower deck planking; 22 waterway; 23 spirketting; 24 lining [quickwork]; 25 clamp; 26 diminishing strakes; 27 wale; 28 top timber; 29 hanging knee; 30 upper deck beam; 31 camber; 32 binding strake; 33 bulwark; 34 planksheer; 35 gunwale; 36 tumblehome; and 37 caprail.

Part of the knee of the head. The underwater portion of a fully loaded hull; also used as a general designation for a seagoing vessel.

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