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Presentation - Boat Construction Materials The percentage of wood that is not moisture is referred to as "dry solids," that is, dried construction lumber would be 85% dry solids. Product standards for lumber manufactured in the United States are developed under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Commerce and administered by the American Lumber Standards Committee (ALSC).
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Request enough glue to fill a joints. The quick as well as sea pleasantly steel or aluminum carcass as Lorem lpsum 274 boatplans/dinghy/diy-dinghy-chaps-3d dinghy 3d diy chaps as the elementary ketch supplya Klepper Aerius II is the pristine preference. This label carries a same facilities as those of normal ATT personification cards. A complaint is you wood boat construction terms impact factor so most blat reduced shift us by environment mandate for us which will not furnish income .

Even with painted canvas covering the seams, or with a solid plywood deck sealed in epoxy, there are again many fasteners securing hardware, each offering a potential route for water intrusion. Other structures sprouting from the deck�deckhouses, hatches, raised gunwales, etc.

World-famous small-boat cruiser Larry Pardey waters the deck of his boat, Taleisin , to keep the planks swollen tight. Larry is a master boatwright he built Taleisin himself and maintains his boats scrupulously. Finally, plank-on-frame boats can be a bear to maintain. All that wood, above the water and below, needs to be either painted or varnished on a regular basis.

Leaks must be policed and stanched if possible. Moist areas in the structure must be sought out, constantly monitored for rot, and replaced if the rot gets out of hand. Most, however, like Moitessier, would much prefer to just go sailing. Plank-on-frame boats still have a strong cult following and a relatively large number of older wooden yachts are sailed and maintained by devoted owners.

But the most exciting wooden boatbuilding these days is done with composite wood-epoxy construction. The key ingredient is modern epoxy, which is not only a tenacious adhesive, but is also highly elastic and nearly impermeable to water.

Epoxy also protects the wood from hungry creatures that want to eat it. Furthermore, a wood-epoxy hull forms a one-piece monocoque structure that cannot leak unless punctured. In most cases, to improve abrasion and impact resistance, the hull and deck are also sheathed in one or more layers of fiberglass cloth. The result is a boat with many of the virtues of fiberglass, with the added benefits of built-in insulation, plus all the fuzzy romantic feelings inspired by a genuine wood finish.

There are many ways to construct a wood-epoxy boat. One could, for example, build a wood-epoxy plank-on-frame vessel, but this would be labor intensive and the boat would be needlessly heavy and thick. In practice, there are three basic approaches�strip-plank construction, sheet plywood construction, and so-called cold-molded construction. Each has many variations, and to some extent different techniques can be combined in a single hull.

In a simple strip-plank hull the frame is an important part of the structure, and the strip planks, which are narrow�with a square section shape, are both attached to the frame and edge-nailed to each other. Boats were often built like this in the traditional manner and are still built without being encapsulated in epoxy. In more modern variations, there is more reliance on epoxy, fiberglass sheathing, and internal accommodations structures including bulkheads to support the hull, with framing reduced to a minimum.

Some of these vessels are essentially fiberglass boats with solid wood cores. Strip-planked wood-epoxy hulls are probably the most common type built today, as they are generally the most cost effective. Sheet plywood construction is the least common type, at least as far as larger sailboats go.

Mostly this technique is used for smaller boats like dinghies, skiffs, and daysailers. The one major exception are Wharram catamarans, which are usually built of plywood, and may or may not be coated in epoxy.

In a plywood boat of any size, a substantial amount of framing is needed, but construction otherwise is relatively simple and fast, as large sheets of plywood can be set in place more easily and quickly than many narrow planks. Plywood construction does limit design options.

Normally plywood hulls are hard-chined, although lapstrake construction�as seen, Wood Boat Construction Terms 2019 for example, in some very interesting Dutch Waarschip designs�can also be employed.

The third major variation, cold-molded construction, is more properly described as diagonal-veneer construction. Here the hull is composed of several layers of thin wood veneers that are laid up on a diagonal bias over light framing or a jig. The layers of veneer are oriented at right angles to each other and are glued together and stapled in place until the epoxy sets up.

Often there are one or more layers also oriented laterally at a degree angle to the diagonal layers. By laminating thin sheets of unidirectional veneer atop one another like this, a light monocoque structure that is strong in multiple directions can be created.

These cold-molded boats are, generally speaking, the lightest of wood boats, but this method of wood construction is also by far the most labor intensive.

The technique is shunned by some, but is favored by those for whom weight reduction is critical. It is also sometimes used in conjunction with strip-planking, with layers of diagonal veneer laminated over a planked hull in place of fiberglass sheathing. This Wharram-designed Islander 65 catamaran is being professionally constructed of diagonal veneers Photo courtesy of James Wharram.

The hull of this large cold-molded yacht has diagonal veneers being laid over strip planking Photo courtesy of Hodgdon Yachts. The term cold-molded is something of an historical anomaly. Ballast � the lead or iron weight bolted to the bottom of the keel and shaped to be part of the bottom line of the boat sometimes incorrectly called the keel.

Knees � reinforcing pieces of wood, metal or other material to provide additional support and strength between the Deck beams and Clamp. Deck Beams � timbers running athwartships connecting the top of each set of frames to prevent the hull from spreading apart and to support the deck.

Carlins � fore and aft support deck beams which which support the outside of openings in the deck for cockpits, cabins, hatches. Breasthook � triangular piece of reinforcing wood connecting the front end of each of the port and starboard Clamps to the Stem front end of the Keel. Quarter Knees � reinforcing wood that connects the trailing edge of each Clamp to the Transom and Deadwood.

Boatbuilding Heritage Society of B. It is commonly made from fabric mounted on a collapsable frame. When width and thickness are specified, lumber may be called out as linear feet, i. Linear feet is used when the the lumber will be cut into various lengths, as opposed to a piece 1" X 6" x 24' which would be a single piece of wood.

A properly done bookmatch will resemble a mirror image of the opposite side. BOOM The pivoting horizontal "pole" attached to the aft side of the mast to control the foot of the sail. Maximum speed will be achieved when the bottom of the boat that forms the planing surface is flat. When the planing surface is a vee, the boat will have a softer ride but less potential speed, and will take longer to come up on a plane.

A "flat bottom" makes a better "drag" boat, a deep vee will be a better rough water boat. BOW as in bow-wow, not bow tie The front of the boat. The purpose being to increase the amount of sail area without raising the center of effort. When used in conjunction with a reverse curve at the chine, it usually makes sheet materials impractical requiring other planking methods in the forward section.

BUTT Buttock. Used for developing the lines of a boat. Used only for lofting the lines to full size; not required when patterns are supplied. Sail term: The fore and aft curvature of a sail in relation to its chord.

Should not be fiberglassed. This term is primarily used in conjunction with propellers and rudders. When cavitating, the propeller will speed up, but power is lost; the rudder may lose steering action.

Cavitation most often occurs when turning. Both result from a loss of a constant solid water flow. Power catamarans usually require deflectors when a single motor is used, to direct a flow of water to the propeller.

Webster's Dictionary: "the formation of partial vaccums in a flowing liquid as a result of a separation of its parts". Used to prevent leeway. The geometric center of the sail. The higher CE, the more leverage the wind has to heel the boat.

When there is more than one sail, CE's will be given on the drawing for each sail plus a combined CE. On a triangle, the CE is the point at which the lines bisecting each angle cross.

The location of the CE fore and aft, affects the way the boat turns into the wind. Checks result from tension stresses during the drying process. CLEW The lower, aft corner of a fore-and-aft sail, where the leech meets the foot.

Also called a schooner bow. Webster's New World Dictionary. More commonly, in a boat, this refers to the outside working or seating area below the sheer.

Bow riders have a forward cockpit. On a center console, the inside area could be called a cockpit, but this term is more often used to define a more limited area. COAMING A non-structural longitudinal member at the cockpit perimeter; a decorative piece fastened to the carling, usually protruding above the side deck to prevent water from entering the cockpit.

These are sleeping accommodations, cooking facilities, a toilet, some lounging space, and fuel and water tanks. The terms sedan, express, and day are loose categories meant to place emphasis on certain capabilities. A sedan cruiser has more glass and more lounging area,express is faster, and a day cruiser has minimal accommodations and usually only practical for limited overnight stays.

Primarily used in competition craft. Usually only suitable for small boats. Additional power will only allow a hull to maintain hull speed against a head wind or under load. The commercial fishing dories of New England were stacked on a larger boat and transported to the Grand Banks where they were off-loaded with a fisherman, and later retrieved. The boats were noted for their sea worthiness.

Over the years the dory has evolved to encompass various types of boats, usually characterized by flat bottoms and flaring sides. DAVITS Curved uprights projecting over the side of larger boats for suspending, or raising and lowering a smaller boat.

Dry rot needs extended periods of moisture fresh water , oxygen, and dry rot spores to thrive. Fairness is checked by sighting down the longitudinal lines. Fiddles are frequently left open at the corners for drainage. FILL The thread that runs across sail cloth from edge to edge. The term is most often used in reference to Stitch-N-Glue boat building. A fillet is made with activated epoxy resin, thickened with various fillers, to a putty consistency. The putty is "globbed" into place and smoothed with a rounded tool.

This is a shipping term, not a boat term. FOOT The lowest edge of a sail. This is an naval architecture term. It will usually be seen on the 2 plansheet, where the various stations are shown.

This represents the end of the stem, or the last station from the transom. A sail that fills that area. Frames can be divided into two categories: sawn or bent frames. Sawn frames are assembled from separate pieces, either lapped or gusseted together to form the station contour. Bent frames are bent around a form or into a hull using one or more layers of solid wood.

No Glen-L designs use bent frames. Frames can be lapped with a piece of plywood filling the interior frame space to form a bulkhead. Also called garboard strake. Garboard drain plugs are installed in the at the lowest point along the garboard. GEL COAT A semi-thixotropic, air-inhibited, usually pigmented resin that is applied to a waxed mold surface over which subsequent fiberglass layup is made.

When the piece is removed from the mold, the gel coat becomes the outside finish. Also, the body part between the head and the body of a goose; most often used for making gravy. The pintle has a pin male part , The gudgeon accepts the pintle female part. There are different styles, sometimes with the pintle on the rudder, sometimes on the transom.

External halyards are located outside the mast; internal halyards pass through the inside of a hollow mast. HANK A metal or nylon clip used to hold the luff of a headsail or staysail to the forestay. The term has no reference to the actual hardness of the wood. Hardwoods have traditionally been used in making such products as furniture, strip flooring, interior trim, boats, cutting boards, Wood Boat Construction Terms Map novelties, etc.

Wood used in making these products is typically in the form of relatively small and defect-free pieces Wood Boat Construction Terms 05 which are subsequently glued together; it is also generally more costly than wood from softwood species. Because of these factors, hardwood lumber is manufactured to non-standardized length and width dimensions which will minimize trim waste.

For the same reasons, such lumber is measured relatively accurately, with rounding of measurements in small increments. The harpin may be only a portion of the sheer usually the forward section or the complete sheer.

Glen-L supplies a pattern or dimensions for the harpin. Cells of heartwood no longer participate in the life processes of the tree.

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