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Electricity class 10 Notes Science | myCBSEguide | CBSE Papers & NCERT Solutions NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12 - Electricity. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12 has Electricity and circuits provide answers and explanations to all the exercise questions provided in the textbook. This NCERT Solutions has questions-related to an electric cell, electric bulb, electric circuits, switches, conductors and insulators, examples of conductors and insulators. The SI unit of electric charge is coulomb (C), which is equivalent to the charge contained in nearly 6 ? electrons. (We know that an electron possesses a negative charge of ? 10�19 C.) The electric current is expressed by a unit called ampere (A), named after the French scientist, Andre-Marie Ampere (�). One ampere is. Class 10 Electricity Notes Notes Previous Years Questions Important Questions. Electricity Notes. Charge(Q): The fundamental particle of an atom is called charge. It can be positive or negative. S.I. unit � Coulomb (C) Quantisation of Charge: Every charge is an integral multiple of a basic charge i.e., charge on an electron(e �). Q=ne.
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Note reading in the ammeter and voltmeter; at different values of potential by changing the battery. Every time you will find different values of current i and potential difference V in ammeter and voltmeter. Plot these values on graph and observe the nature of the graph. The graph of V potential difference versus i electric current is always a straight line. Resistors in Series : When resistors are joined from end to end, they are said to be in series combination.

Value of current in the ammeter is same irrespective of its position in the circuit. So we conclude that in a series combination of resistors the current is same in every part of the circuit or same current flow through Electricity Class 10th Ncert Notes Query each resistor.

If we add potential difference across each one of resistors R 1 , R 2 and R 3 then we get. Resistors in parallel: When resistors are joined in parallel, they are said to be in parallel combination. Note : When number of resistors are connected in parallel then their combined resistance is less than the smallest individual resistance. While in series combination, equivalent resistance is always greater than any individual resistance. Let I current flowing through a resistor of resistance R and potential across the resistor is V.

When charge Q moves against the potential difference V in time t, the amount of work is. Battery has chemical energy due to which it can do work.

But total energy is always conserved. Chemical energy of battery is converted to heat energy in the resistor. This heating of resistor is commonly known as Heating Effect of Electric Current. It states that heat produced in a resistor is directly proportional to the square of current given to the resistor, directly proportional to the resistance for a given current and directly proportional to the time for which the current is flowing through the resistor.

For exploiting the heating effect, the element of appliances must have high melting point to retain more heat. The heating effect of electric current is used in the following applications:. The heating of electric bulb happens because of heating effect of electric current. The filament of bulb is generally made of tungsten metal; having melting point equal to 0 C.

The element of electric iron is made of alloys having high melting point. Electric fuse is made of metal or alloy of metals, such as aluminium, copper, iron, lead, etc. In the case of flow of higher voltage than specified, fuse wire melts and protects the electric appliances. Thus, in this case a fuse of 5A should be used to protect the electric heater in the case of flow of higher voltage.

Rating of device is the value of electric power and potential of that electric device. If we know the rating of any electrical device we can easily find the value of resistance. As i know number of free electrons increase when temperature increase so its resistance should be decressed?

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Abhishek kaliyar. September 14, at pm Reply. September 6, at pm Reply. August 30, at pm Reply. August 28, at am Reply. July 22, at am Reply. July 21, at pm Reply. Shivaa Giri. The unit of current is Ampere. Potential Difference:. The potential difference between two separate points is defined as the work done to move a unit positive charge from one point to another.

The unit of potential difference is Volt. Resistance in a series connection:. Resistance in parallel:. More area of conductor facilitates the flow of electric current through more area and thus, decreases the resistance.

This is the cause that thick copper wire creates less resistance to the electric current. It is called the electrical resistivity of the material of conductor.

The S. Resistivity: It is defined as the resistance offered by a cube of a material of side 1m when current flows perpendicular to its opposite faces. Resistivity depends on the nature of the material of the conductor. Silver has resistivity equal to 1. Rubber and glass are very good insulators. The resistivity of materials varies with temperature.

Combination of resistors Series and Parallel combination , the heating effect of electric current and electric power. Combination of Resistors i Series combination ii Parallel combination.

Resistors in Series: When resistors are joined from end to end, it is called in series. In this case, the total resistance of the system is equal to the sum of the resistance of all the resistors in the system. Let, three resistors R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 get connected in series.

Resistors in Parallel: When resistors are joined in parallel, the reciprocal of the total resistance of the system is equal to the sum of reciprocal of the resistance of resistors. Let three resistors R 1 , R 2 and R 3 connected in parallel. The total current through the circuit can be calculated by adding the electric current through individual resistors. Heating Effect of Electric Current: When electric current is supplied to a purely resistive conductor, the energy of electric current is dissipated entirely in the form of heat and as a result, resistor gets heated.

The heating of resistor because of dissipation of electrical energy is commonly known as Heating Effect of Electric Current. Some examples are as follows : When electric energy is supplied to an electric bulb, the filament gets heated because of which, it gives light. The heating of electric bulb happens because of heating effect of electric current. Cause of Heating Effect of Electric Current: Electric current generates heat to overcome the resistance offered by the conductor through which it passes.

Higher the resistance, the electric current will generate higher amount of heat. Thus, generation of heat by electric current while passing through a conductor is an inevitable consequence. This heating effect is used in many appliances, such as electric iron, electric heater, electric geyser, etc. Electric Bulb: In an electric bulb, the filament of bulb gives light because of the heating effect of electricity.

Electric Fuse: Electric fuse is used to protect the electric appliances from high voltage if any. Electric fuse is made of metal or alloy of metals, such as aluminum, copper, iron, lead, etc. In the case of flow of higher voltage than specified, fuse wire melts and protect the electric appliances. Suppose, if an electric heater consumes W at V. Electric Power S. Unit of electric energy is kilowatt-hour kWh.

Conductor: The material which can allow the flow of electrons through itself is called the conductor.

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