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The aim is to make the syllabus an enabling document for the creation of textbooks that are interesting and challenging without being loaded with factual information. 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free, science has to be presented as a live and growing body of knowledge rather than a finished product.
Very often, syllabi � especially those in science � tend to syllabuw at once overspecified and underspecified. They are overspecified in that they attempt to enumerate items of content knowledge which could easily have been left open, e.
Thus there is a need to change the way in which a syllabus is presented. The position paper on the teaching of science � 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free by a large body of research on science education � recommends a pedagogy that is hands-on and inquiry-based. While this is widely accepted at the idea level, practice in India has tended to be dominated by chalk and talk methods. To make in any progress in the desired direction, some changes have to be made at the level of the syllabus.
From this we progress to the general. An example is the notion free electric current. Importantly, there has to be adequate time for carrying out activities, followed by discussion. The learner also needs time to reflect on the classroom experience. Children are naturally curious. Given the freedom, they often interact and experiment with things around them for extended periods. These are valuable learning experiences, which are essential for imbibing the spirit of scientific inquiry, but may not always conform to adult expectations.
Denying them this opportunity may amount to killing their spirit of inquiry. There is general agreement that science content up to Class X should not be framed along disciplinary lines, but rather organised around themes that are potentially cross-disciplinary in nature. In the present revision exercise, it was decided that the same set of themes would be used, right from Class VI to Class X.
The themes finally chosen are: Food; Materials; The world of the living; How things work; Moving things; People and ideas; Natural phenomena and Natural resources. While these run all through, in the higher classes there is a consolidation of content which leads to some themes being absent, e.
Food from Class X. The themes are largely self-explanatory and close to those adopted in the syllabus for Classes VI-VIII; nevertheless, some comments may be useful. In order to maintain some continuity between Classes V and VI, these should naturally continue into the seven themes listed. Similarly, Shelter evolves into Habitat, which is subsumed in The world of the living.
Such considerations also 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free how the content under specific themes could be structured. Thus clothing, a basic human need, forms the starting point for the study of Materials. It will be noted that this yields a structure which is different from that based on disciplinary considerations, in which materials are viewed purely from the perspective of chemistry, rather than from the viewpoint of the child.
More generally, the choice of 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free � and sub themes � reflects the thrust towards weakening disciplinary boundaries that is one of the central concerns of NCF The format of the syllabus has been evolved to address the underspecification mentioned.
Perhaps the most unusual feature of the syllabus is that it starts with questions rather than concepts. These are ncedt questions, which are meant to provide points of entry for the gree to start the process 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free thinking. It should be clarified here that these questions are not meant to be used for evaluation or even directly used in textbooks. Along with the questions, key concepts are listed.
As the name suggests, these are those concepts which are of a key nature. Once we accept that concept development is a complex process, we must necessarily abandon the notion that acquisition of a specific concept will be the outcome of any single classroom transaction, whether it is a lecture or 10th Ncert Science Syllabus Pdf Online an activity. A number of concepts may get touched upon in the course of transaction. It is not necessary ncdrt list all of.
The Resources column lists not only concrete materials that may be needed in the classroom, but a variety of other resources, including out-of-class experiences of children as well as other people. Historical accounts and other narratives are also listed, in keeping with the current understanding that narratives can play an important role in teaching science.
The Activities column lists experiments, as normally understood in the context of science, 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free well as other classroom processes in which children may be actively engaged, including discussion. Of course, when we teach science in a hands-on way, activities are not addons; they are integral to the development of the subject.
Suggestions for field trips and surveys are also listed. Although the items in this column are suggestive, they are meant to give an idea of the unfolding of the content.
Read together with the questions scjence key concepts, they delineate the breadth and depth of coverage expected. At the secondary stage, abstraction and quantitative reasoning come to occupy a more central place than in the lower classes. One of the traps which we have to avoid is the attempt to be comprehensive. While the temptation exists even in lower classes, at the secondary stage it is particularly strong. This may manifest itself in two ways: adding many more concepts than can be comfortably learnt in the scienc time frame, and enumeration pf things or types of things, even where there is no strong conceptual basis for classification.
Thus we may end up with a mass of information that the child has to perforce memorise. An 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free is the listing of nine types of glass.
In the present revision, no attempt is made to be comprehensive. Unnecessary enumeration is avoided. The processes by which factual knowledge can be acquired is more important than the facts themselves. At this stage, while science is still a svience subject, the disciplines of physics, chemistry and biology are beginning to emerge.
The child should 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free exposed to experiences as well as modes of reasoning that are typical of these subjects, while continuing to be encouraged to look at things across disciplinary boundaries. This stage also sees a certain consolidation of knowledge within themes. As a result, a theme may 10th ncert science syllabus pdf free a lot of space in one class e.
How things work in Class X while being absent from the. Disclaimer: cbseportal. Pdt to main content. English History Science Information Technology. Themes and Format There is general agreement that science content up to Class X should not be framed along disciplinary lines, but rather organised around themes that are potentially cross-disciplinary in nature. The Secondary Stage At the secondary stage, abstraction and quantitative reasoning come to occupy a more central place than in the lower ncerh.
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