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NCERT Solutions for Class 10th: Ch 7 Control and Coordination Science

All the solutions are prepared as well as verified by subject experts. If still there is any error, please notify us for further improvement. Social Science solutions in English Medium is soltuions available to download. Hindi Medium solutions will be available for the academic session according to the latest CBSE Syllabus If your concept is not cleared then you can also watch the video to clear your concept.

One few chapters are there which need extra practice. For example, Light: Reflection and Refraction and Electricity contains numerical problems. Numerical problems requires more practice including some extra questions from various books.

For example, practicing Introduction to Trigonometry, chapter 8 needs more and more questions to be confident. Similarly, ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 english portion also requires extra questions to practice.

There are total 25 chapters in Social Science Class X. But who has opted Basic Maths in last year class 10 exams, they are now eligible to take Applied Mathematics in class But then again, simply mugging up the concepts given in the NCERT books a few weeks before ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 english exams will help the students with.

Students can now move ahead and solve the sample papers as well as previous year question papers to get an idea of the question paper pattern. Skip to content. Ncert Video For Class Which is the best resource for Class 10 board exam preparation? If you Loved reading this, Mcert with someone you care!

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Question 4 How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support? Answer: When the tip of a tendril touches a support, then the auxins present in its tip move to that side of tip which is away from the support.

Auxins promote growth. So, due to more auxins in it, the side of tendril away from the support grows faster and becomes longer than the side which is in contact with the support and makes the tendril twirl or bend around the support. Question 5 Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

Answer: Take two glass troughs A and B and fill each one of them two-thirds with soil. In trough A plant a tiny seedling. Water the soil in trough A daily and uniformly. Do not water the soil in trough B but put some water in the clay pot.

Leave both the troughs for a few days. Now, dig up the seedlings carefully from both the troughs without damaging their roots. We will find that the root of seedling in trough A is straight.

On the other hand, the root of seedling in trough B is found to be bent to the right side i. In trough A, the root of the seedling gets water from both sides. But in trough B, the roots get water oozing out from the clay pot which is kept on the right side.

Therefore, the root of seedling in trough B grows and bends towards the source of water to the right side. This experiment shows that the root of a plant grows towards water. In other words, the root of a plant is hydrotropism. Question 1 How does chemical coordination take place in animals? Answer: Chemical coordination in animals takes place through the hormones secreted by the endocrine glands.

Coordination in animals takes place through hormone system as well as nervous system which is called endocrine system. Endocrine glands secrete animal hormones directly into the blood that reach to the specific cells. Special type of molecules are present on the surface of cells to detect these hormones. These cells act according to the information that a particular hormone carries.

Question 2 Why is the use of iodised salt advisable? Answer: It is advised to use iodised salt because thyroid gland needs iodine to produce thyroxin hormone. Thyroxin hormone controls all the metabolic activities of our body like metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and protein etc. Due to the deficiency of thyroxin a disease called goitre is caused. Question 3 How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?

Answer: The heart beat increases when adrenaline is secreted into the blood so that more oxygen is supplied to our muscles.

The blood supply to the digestive system and skin decreases because the small arteries around the muscles of these organs contract. This turns the direction of blood towards our skeletal muscles. The breathing rate also increases due to the contractions of the diaphragm and rib muscles.

All these responses enable us to face the situations of fear and anger. Question 4 Why are some patients of diabetes treated by giving injections of insulin? Answer: Insulin hormone regulates blood sugar levels.

If this is not secreted in proper amounts, the sugar level in the blood rises. This causes many harmful effects. To treat harmful effects of increased level of blood sugar, the diabetic patients are treated by giving injections of insulin. Question 1 Which of the following is a plant hormone? Question 2 The gap between two neurons is called a a dendrite b synapse c axon d impulse Answer: b Synapse. Question 3 The brain is responsible for a thinking b regulating the heart beat c balancing the body d all of the above Answer: b All of the above.

Question 4 What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise? The function of receptors is to detect information from the environment. For example, olfactory receptors detect smell. If receptors do not work properly, the information obtained Ncert Solutions For Class 10th English Chapter 3 Inc from the environment will be delayed to reach the spinal cord or brain.

In this situation, the response to the environmental stimulus will be delayed causing harm to the body. Question 5 Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function. A nerve cell has three parts- i cell body ii dendrite iii axon Function : The function of nerve cells is to carry information in the form of electrical signals which are called nerve impulses. Cells receive stimulus to send it to spinal cord and brain and carry the message from brain to the target organ.

Question 6 How does phototropism occur in plants? Answer: The movement in any part of a plant due to light is called phototropism.

The shoot of plant shows positive phototropism and roots show negative phototropism. Phototropism in plants occurs due to the hormone auxin. When light falls on one side of a plant, the secretion of auxin hormone is more in the part away from the light.

Hence, auxin causes growth in length of the cells in shady part. So, the plant appears to bend towards light. Question 7 Which signals will get disrupted in case of a spinal cord injury?

Answer: i All the involuntary actions will get disturbed. Therefore, the quick responses required to safe guard the body will not take place.

Question 8 How does chemical coordination occur in plants? Answer: Chemical coordination in plants takes place with the help of plant hormones. In most of the regions where division takes place meristematic regions stimuli cells secrete chemical compounds hormone.

These substances identify the information by stimulating the other nearby cells and communicating the information. Question 9 What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism?

Answer: An organism needs control and coordination system for the following functions : i To save the body of the organisms from the harmful changes in the environment. Question 10 How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?

Question 11 Compare and contrast nervous and hormonal mechanisms for control and coordination in animals. Question 12 What is the difference between the manner in which movement takes place in a sensitive plant and the movement in our legs? Question 1. What type of plant movement is seen in the diagram of coiling of tendril?

How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support? Describe in brief. CCE Answer: Thigmotropism or curvature movement that occurs in response to contact. Less auxin is present in the region of contact. The free side having more auxin shows more growth.

This causes the tendril to coil over the support. Question 2. Identify and label the parts shown as A and B in the accompanying figure. Answer: Dorsal view of thyroid an parathyroid. A � Thyroid, B- Parathyroid. Question 3. What are the hormones involved in providing milk to the suckling infant? Answer: 1. Prolactin Maternity Hormone. Production of milk.

Oxytocin Ejection of milk. Question 4. How does pancreas control glucose level of blood? Answer: Pancreas produces two hormones. Insulin is produced when glucose level of blood rises. Insulin helps the cells to withdraw glucose from blood. It also converts glucose into glycogen in liver and muscles. Question 5. Glucagon is secreted when glucose level of blood falls. It mobilises reserve food like glycogen into glucose.

What is pregnancy hormone? Why is it known so? Answer: Progesterone is called pregnancy hormone. It helps in maintaining pregnancy by non-formation of new ova, promoting thickening and secretory activity of uterine wall and attachment of embryo to the uterine wall.

Question 6. What is dormin? Answer: Dormin is the other name of plant hormone abscisic acid. The hormne induces dormancy in buds and seeds. So it has been called dormin. What is the function? CBSE A. Answer: a. Impulse stimulates the release of chemical neurotransmitter from the surface of presynaptic knob or bouton of axon terminal.

Neurotransmitter e. Write one function of each part. Delhi Comptt. Answer: a Plant Hormones: Phytohormones are chemical substances other than nutrients produced naturally in plants which regulate growth, development, differentiation and a number of physiological processes, e.

B-Medulla Function: Reflex centre, cardiac centre, respiratory centre. C-Cerebellum Function: Maintains equilibrium and coordinates muscular activities. How do tendrils reach the support when they do not have any sensory structures.

Answer: Tendrils do not have any sensory structures but still they are able to find their support just as we grope in the dark for finding the switch-board. Tendrils perform circumnutation from their apical regions. In this the terminal parts of tendrils move in all directions. Wherever they come in contact with a support, they stop performing cicumnutation.

Instead, the contacted region shows little growth while the other side grows rapidly so that the tendril coils over the support. Name the nervous system which controls the functioning of internal organs.

How does this system work? Answer: Autonomous or visceral nervous system. The system does not consult the will of the individual. It works on its own inputs. Autonomous nervous system consists of only motor nerve fibres that innervate all organs and glands of the body.

Depending upon the input, autonomous nervous system stimulates, slows down or stops the activity of an organ. For its working, autonomous or visceral nervous system has two components, sympathetic and parasympathetic. Sympathetic nervous system originates from thoracico-lumbar region, forms two ganglionic chains which send out long nerve fibres to various organs. The sympathetic nerve fibres activate the organs by release of nor-adrenaline.

Parasympathetic nervous system is called cranio-sacral as it originates from some cranial and sacral nerves. It has long preganglionic fibres and ganglia attached to organs that are innervated. Its post ganglionic fibres secrete acetylcholine into organs for moderating or reducing their activity.

Which system is working when you start sweating during exercise? What is its function? Answer: Reflex activity of the nervous system. It is automatic, involuntary and spontaneous response to a stimulus without consulting the will of the individual.

Exercise increases body temperature. This can be harmful. Reflex action stimulates the sweat glands for releasing their secretion. Part of the sweat evaporates and cools, down the body.

You can become moody by simply switching on night bulb daily. How can this happen? Answer: Night bulb reduces the secretion of melatonin hormone. Melatonin controls our day-night or circadian rhythm, healthy digestive and immune system, sexual cycle and moods. A reduced secretion causes insomnia and mood changes besides affecting health of our digestive and immune system. Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction to plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals, nervous system; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.

Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science. Question 1 What is the function of receptors in our body? Solution: Receptors are usually located in our sense organs, such as the inner ear, the nose, the tongue, and so on.

So gustatory receptors will detect taste while olfactory receptors will detect smell. Question 2 Draw the structure of neuron and explain its function. Solution: The specialised tips of some nerve cells detect all information from our environment. These receptors are usually located in our sense organs, such as the inner ear, the nose, the tongue, and so on. This information, acquired at the end of the dendritic tip of a nerve cell, sets off a chemical reaction that creates an electrical impulse.

This impulse travels from the dendrite to the cell body, and then along the axon to its end. At the end of the axon, the electrical impulse sets off the release of some chemicals. These chemicals cross the gap, or synapse, and start a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of the next neuron. This is a general scheme of how nervous impulses travel in the body. A similar synapse finally allows delivery of such impulses from neurons to other cells, such as muscles cells or gland.

It is thus no surprise that nervous tissue is made up of an organized network of nerve cells or neurons, and is specialised for conducting information via electrical impulses from one part of the body to another. Question 3 How does phototropism occur in plants?

Solution: Phototropism is a growth movement induced by a light stimulus. Growth towards a source of light is called positive phototropism, that away from the source is termed negative phototropism. The tips of shoots are usually positively, that of roots negatively phototropic. Charles Darwin and his son Francis discovered in that the phototropic stimulus is detected at the tip of the plant.

The Darwins used grass seedlings for some of their experiments. When grass seeds germinate, the primary leaf pierces the seed coverings and the soil while protected by the coleoptile, a hollow, cylindrical sheath that surrounds it. Once the seedling has grown above the surface, the coleoptile stops growing and the primary leaf pierces it.

The Darwins found that the tip of the coleoptile was necessary for phototropism but that the bending takes place in the region below the tip. If they placed an opaque cover over the tip, phototropism failed to occur even though the rest of the coleoptile was illuminated from one side.

However, when they buried the plant in fine black sand so that only its tip was exposed, there was no interference with the tropism � the buried coleoptile bent in the direction of the light. From these experiments, it seemed clear that. Question 4 How does chemical coordination occur in plants? Solution: It has been found that the growth of plants is regulated by certain chemical substances which are synthesized by the plants in very small amounts.

These are known as plant hormones or phytohormones. They are the organic substances which either promote or inhibit growth. A phytohormones can be defined as a chemical substances which are produced naturally in plants and are capable of translocation and regulating one or more physiological processes when present in low concentration.

Main categories of plant hormones are:. Auxins and Gibberellins stimulate cell elongations, cytokinins stimulate cell division ethylene promotes transverse or isodiametric growth and abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor. Question 5 What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism?

Solution: Co-ordination in this sense refers to the regulation or control of body activity. Also, he is a caring man as he is excited to show the dinner invitation to his wife. Page 41 Question 3. What fresh problem now disturbs Mme Loisel?

Answer: After spending a fortune on a beautiful dress, Mme Loisel is faced with yet another disaster. She frets over the fact that she does not have a beautiful jewel to go with her dress. So, she asks her husband to pass on the invitation to someone else. Question 4. How is the problem solved?

Loisel, comes to her rescue. First, he suggests her to wear fresh flowers. Matilda just mocked at the idea. Then, he advises her to borrow some jewels from her rich friend, Mme Forestier.

Thus, the problem is solved as Mme Forestier lends her a beautiful diamond necklace. Page 42 Question 5. What do Mr and Mme Loisel do next? Answer: The Loisels leave no stone unturned. Loisel goes back and searches to the lost necklace. Then, he goes to the police and to the cab offices. Also, they put out an advertisement n the newspapers and offer a reward to anyone who finds :he necklace. But, all their efforts go in vain.

Question 6. How do they replace the necklace? Loisel pooled n eighteen thousand francs of his inheritance and borrowed :he rest. Then the couple managed to buy the new necklace :or thirty six thousand francs and returned it to the rightful 0wner. Answer: It takes Loisels a decade to pay back the money they borrowed to buy the necklace. And, it changed everything for them. They had to move to the poorest quarters of the city. With no maids or assistance, Matilda had to cook, clean, mend, sew, bargain with the grocer and butcher to save every sou just Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 3 Visa for mere survival.

The husband had to work in the evening and night to pay their debt. How could she have avoided it? She could have avoided it by learning to accept her current situation and being content with what she had. Question 3. What would have happened to Matilda if she had confessed to her friend that she had lost her necklace?

Answer: Truth and honesty would have saved Matilda from her doom. If only she has been courageous enough to confess to her friend the truth of the necklace, she would have come to know that it was a fake one that cost a mere five hundred francs.

In fact, she would have saved herself and her husband from ten long years of crushing poverty, misery and back breaking labour.

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